Ultrasound guided subcostal transversus abdominal plane (TAP) block versus erector spinae plane (ESP) block for post operative analgesia following per cutaneous nephrolithotomy under general anaesthesia

post operative pain management is an essential component of anaesthetic management of surgical patient. it ensure patient comfort, fewer cardiac and respiratory complication, early mobilization and hence less chances of deep vein thrombosis. the goal of postoperative pain management is to relieve pain while keeping side effects to a minimum. Even after years of advances, the mainstay of pain therapy is still the opioids. while they are very effective analgesics, opioid also carry with them many undesirable side effects: sedation, respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, hypotension and and bradycardia, pruritis and inhibition of bowel function. to avoid these newer modalities of pain management are being evaluated. The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a newer regional anesthetic technique that can be used to provide analgesia for a variety of surgical procedures or to manage acute or chronic pain. it was first described as analgesic therapy for chest neuropathic pain in 2016 .TAP block is most often used to provide surgical anaesthesia for minor superficial procedures on the lower abdominal wall, or post-operative analgesia for processor’s below the umbilicus. It has been proven to be effective for the reduction of postoperative pain intensity after lower abdominal surgery under the umbilicus, especially within 24 h after surgery.