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Effectiveness of a Transition Program for Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease in the Transition to Adulthood

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Congenital Heart Disease
Interventions
Behavioral: Transition program
Registration Number
NCT02675361
Lead Sponsor
Göteborg University
Brief Summary

This study is part of a larger research project known as Swedish Transition Effects Project Supporting Teenagers with chrONic mEdical conditionS (STEPSTONES). This project was created to develop and evaluate transition programs in order to support adolescents with chronic conditions in Sweden. While STEPSTONES has a generic nature, the first transition program that will be evaluated targets adolescents with congenital heart disease (ConHD).

This particular study involves a hybrid experimental design, meaning a randomized controlled trial is embedded in a longitudinal, observational study. This type of design will help to test the effectiveness of a transition program in order to empower adolescents with congenital heart disease in the transition to adulthood and check for potential contamination of the comparison group. We will recruit 210 participants: 140 adolescents will be part of the randomized controlled trial (70 in the intervention arm; 70 in the comparison arm), and 70 participants will be assigned to the observational, longitudinal arm of the study, which serves as control group in an intervention-naive center. Over a period of two years, three assessments will be done during which all participants will be asked to answer a set of questionnaires.

The intervention to be tested involves patient empowerment, education on their ConHD, dealing with school, health behaviors required to maintain good health, guidance of parents, a person-centered transition plan, among others. The study hypothesis is that adolescents with ConHD who received a structured, person-centered transition program over a 2-year period have a higher patient empowerment score than adolescents who receive usual care.

Detailed Description

Congenital heart diseases (ConHD) represent 28% of all congenital abnormalities.This population has experienced an increased life expectancy due to improvements in medical services and surgical techniques. Currently, around 90% of them will reach adulthood. Due to the complexity of these disorders, children with ConHD have to be under continuing follow-up. However, when they reach 18 years, they will be transferred to adult care. In order to help the adolescent in the transitions to adulthood and adult care, transitions programs have been proposed as a complex intervention with the objective of maximizing lifelong functioning and potential through appropriate healthcare services.

Patient empowerment is recognized as an essential element of transition interventions.Through the promotion of patient empowerment the adolescents can become active partners in their care and have the knowledge and capacity to make decisions that affect their life and health status.

While the importance of transition programs has been mentioned previously, high level evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions is limited. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a transition program for adolescents with congenital heart disease. In order to asses the effectiveness of the transition program the investigators proposed a hybrid experimental design where a randomized controlled trial is embedded in a longitudinal, observational study.

During the course of the study, participants will be part of a transition program or receive usual care before being transferred to adult care. The primary outcome is level of empowerment and secondary outcomes include patient-reported health, illness perception, quality of life, health behaviors, knowledge on congenital heart disease, transition readiness, parental uncertainty and parenting.

The investigators will assess the effectiveness of the transition program by comparing the level of empowerment between the participants who received usual care and those who participated in the transition program. A higher level of empowerment from the group part of the intervention it's expected.

A process and economic evaluation of the intervention will also be undertaken. The process evaluation will evaluate the process of care delivery within the transition program. This information will helped describe the mechanism of impact, explore potential expansion to other chronic conditions and to prepare permanent implementation of the transition program in Sweden.

The economic evaluation entails an impact budget assessment and a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
189
Inclusion Criteria
  • Literate
  • Swedish-speaking
  • Diagnosed with a congenital heart disease
  • Age: 16 years
Exclusion Criteria
  • Syndromes affecting cognitive abilities
  • Acquired heart diseases
  • Heart transplantation

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Intervention group: transition programTransition programParticipants come from two clinics and will be randomly allocated to this group. Participants will go through a transition program which will last for 2 years. The intervention will be performed by specialist nurses.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Level of empowermentThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Gothenburg Young Persons Empowerment Scale (GYPES) will be used to assess the level of empowerment. This scale was developed by the researchers involved in this study and has been tested in a previous cross sectional study in order to determine its psychometric properties in adolescents with congenital heart disease. The investigators will compare the level of empowerment between groups before and after the transfer of care. Empowerment level will be measured at three different points, when the participants are 16 (baseline), 17 (midterm) and 18 years old (after transfer).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Health behaviorThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Health behavior scale-congenital heart disease

Patient reported health IThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Questionnaire (PedsQL 4.0) (generic and cardiac module)

Quality of lifeThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Linear analog scale

Patient reported health IIThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L)

Healthcare utilizationThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Healthcare utilization questionnaire

Transition readinessThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Readiness for transition questionnaire (adolescent version)

KnowledgeThree measurements over a 2-year period.

Knowledge scale for adults with congenital malformed hearts

Trial Locations

Locations (7)

Children Outpatient Clinic, Linköping University Hospital

🇸🇪

Linköping, Sweden

Children's Heart Center, Queen Silvia Children and Youth Hospital

🇸🇪

Gothenburg, Sweden

Children's Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital

🇸🇪

Lund, Sweden

Children's Outpatient Cardiology Clinic, Astrid Lindgrens Children's Hospital

🇸🇪

Stockholm, Sweden

Children's Outpatient Cardiology Clinic, Norrland University Hospital

🇸🇪

Umeå, Sweden

Children's Outpatient Cardiology Clinic, Academic Children's Hospital

🇸🇪

Uppsala, Sweden

Child and Adolescent Clinic, Örebro University Hospital

🇸🇪

Örebro, Sweden

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