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Study of the Nasal Intracellular Reservoir of Staphylococcus Aureus in Patients With S. Aureus Bacteremia

Recruiting
Conditions
Bacteria Infection Mechanism
Interventions
Biological: Venous sampling
Biological: Antibiotic treatment
Device: Nasal swab
Biological: Intracellular reservoir test
Registration Number
NCT06594250
Lead Sponsor
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne
Brief Summary

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a serious infection associated with a high mortality rate (with or without associated infective endocarditis (IE)), long hospital stays and multiple complications, due to the terrain in which it occurs and its secondary localization. They may be community-acquired or healthcare-associated infections. Being a carrier of S. aureus is a known risk factor for S. aureus bacteremia. Although several mucosal sites of carriage have been described, screening for carriage is most often carried out at the nasal level, both for reasons of simplicity and because it is the predominant site of carriage of this bacterium. However, S. aureus carriage is a frequent occurrence, affecting around 1/3 of the general population.

Detailed Description

Long considered an extracellular bacterium, the investigators now know that S. aureus can have an intracellular reservoir. This was initially described in situations of infection (bone infections, vascular infections) and more recently in situations of nasal carriage without associated infection. Among S. aureus carriers, between 15% and 30% have an intracellular reservoir of this bacterium, depending on the study, in patients with no S. aureus infection. For S. aureus carriers with S. aureus infection, there are no data in the literature. The clinical significance of this intracellular reservoir in a carrier situation is currently unknown. The study team was able to demonstrate in vitro that this reservoir was not affected by the mupirocin used in decolonization, and preliminary results suggest that in vivo this reservoir may also be associated with decolonization failure.

Moreover, in vitro, it has been suggested that S. aureus may act on autophagy to promote intracellular survival. Is the intracellular reservoir more frequent in patients with S. aureus bacteremia? Is it associated with a poorer prognosis in S. aureus bacteremia? Is it associated with the production of certain S. aureus intracellular persistence factors? Is it associated with a slowdown in autophagic flow in nasal cells or phagocytes? These questions remain unanswered to this day.

To explore these questions, the investigators plan to conduct a study to assess the frequency of the intracellular S. aureus reservoir (within carriers) in S. aureus bacteremia and in bacteremia to another pathogen (control group). They would also like to study the impact of this reservoir on the persistence of carriage and prognosis (death, duration of bacteremia, length of stay, presence of secondary localizations of bacteremia or endocarditis in the case of S. aureus bacteremia).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
405
Inclusion Criteria
  • Bacteremia
  • Patient affiliated or entitled to a social security plan
  • Patient who has signed a consent form to participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Antibiotic therapy in place for more than 5 days at the time of inclusion
  • Nasal decolonization of S. aureus within 12 months
  • Pregnant or breast-feeding women
  • Patients under guardianship
  • Polymicrobial bacteremia including S. aureus

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Experimental groupVenous samplingExperimental group comprising patients with S. aureus bacteremia with or without IE
Experimental groupAntibiotic treatmentExperimental group comprising patients with S. aureus bacteremia with or without IE
Experimental groupIntracellular reservoir testExperimental group comprising patients with S. aureus bacteremia with or without IE
Control groupVenous samplingControl group comprising patients with bacteremia with a pathogenic bacterial species other than S. aureus with or without IE.
Control groupAntibiotic treatmentControl group comprising patients with bacteremia with a pathogenic bacterial species other than S. aureus with or without IE.
Control groupIntracellular reservoir testControl group comprising patients with bacteremia with a pathogenic bacterial species other than S. aureus with or without IE.
Experimental groupNasal swabExperimental group comprising patients with S. aureus bacteremia with or without IE
Control groupNasal swabControl group comprising patients with bacteremia with a pathogenic bacterial species other than S. aureus with or without IE.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of intracellular S. aureus carriers at nasal level researchAt inclusion

Number of intracellular S. aureus carriers at nasal level research in patients with S. aureus bacteremia associated or not

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of intracellular S. aureus carriers at nasal level researchDay 7
In-hospital mortality rate (%)Month 1

In-hospital mortality rate directly related to infection (septic shock, multivisceral failure, death during surgical management related to infection) during bacteremia

Mean duration of S. aureus bacteremia (Day)Month 1
Average number of secondary localizations of S. aureus bacteremiaMonth 2

Clinically diagnosed, or on examination carried out as part of the extension work-up performed as part patient management (Scan, echocardiography, scintigraphy, etc.)

Average length of stay in hospital for S. aureus bacteremia (Day)Month 1
Proportion of nasal S. aureus carriers still carriers at the end of treatment for bacteremia (%)Month 1
Proportion of nasal S. aureus carriers still carriers one year after the end of treatment for bacteremia (%)Month 12

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St Etienne

🇫🇷

Saint-Étienne, France

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