A Randomized-controlled Experiment on the Effects of Sugary Drink Warning Labels
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 终止
- 入组人数
- 337
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Total calories purchased in last two weeks of study
研究概览
简要总结
The primary objective of this study is to determine to what degree sugary drink warning labels increase consumers' knowledge about the potential health harms of sugary drinks and reduce sugary drink intake. The study is designed to answer three additional questions: 1) Do some warning labels work better than others? 2) What is the effect of warning labels over time? 3) If warning labels influence behavior, is it because they increase knowledge or simply provide a salient reminder that some drinks are less healthy? This study will test the effect of repeated exposure to warning labels on total calories purchased over time and assess whether knowledge or salience better explain label effects.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Participants must:
- •be a primary caregiver of a child under 12 years old;
- •be ≥18 years old;
- •read and speak English;
- •drink sugary drinks at least twelve times per month (~three times per week) and have a child who does the same
- •be the primary grocery shopper for their family;
- •have regular internet access.
排除标准
- •not a primary caregiver of a child under 12 years old
- •<18 years old
- •cannot read and speak English
- •does not drink sugary drinks at least 12 times per month and have a child who does the same
- •is not the primary grocery shopper for their family
- •does not have regular internet access
研究组 & 干预措施
Calorie label
Calorie label (control) will display a "Calories per Bottle" label on all beverages, not just sugary drinks. This is modeled after the American Beverage Association's current "Clear on Calories" labels.
干预措施: Sugary drink warning labels (Behavioral)
Text warning label
Text warning labels will display the following text on sugary beverages: WARNING: drinking beverages with added sugars contributes to obesity, diabetes, and tooth decay
干预措施: Sugary drink warning labels (Behavioral)
Sugar graphic warning label
Sugar graphic warning labels will display the same text as "text warning labels" along with graphics depicting the amount of sugar in the beverage
干预措施: Sugary drink warning labels (Behavioral)
Health graphic warning label
Health graphic warning label will display the same text as "text warning labels" along with graphics depicting the potential negative health consequences of over-consuming sugary drinks.
干预措施: Sugary drink warning labels (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Total calories purchased in last two weeks of study
时间窗: six weeks
total calories purchased in the last two weeks of the study, after the labels are removed from the store.
Total calories purchased
时间窗: four weeks
total calories purchased over four weeks in an online store.
次要结局
- Healthiness of non-sugary beverages(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Noticing the warning label(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Estimate of teaspoons of added sugar per sugary drink bottle(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Label message recall(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Parent affect around serving non-sugary beverages(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Noticing the calorie label(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Perceived calorie label influence(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Perceived warning label influence(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Parent affect around serving sugary beverages(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Non-sugary drink health beliefs and risk perceptions index(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Sugary drink health beliefs and risk perceptions index(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Estimate of calories per sugary drink bottle(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Likelihood of buying the beverage(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Enjoyment of sugary beverages(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Healthiness of sugary beverages(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Sugary beverage influence on child's energy and focus(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Perceived amount of sugar(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Newest vital sign measure(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Enjoyment of non-sugary beverages(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Non-sugary beverage influence on child's energy and focus(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Estimate of calories per non-sugary drink bottle(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Negative reactions to the label(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Estimate of teaspoons of added sugar per non-sugary drink bottle(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Label trust(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Positive and negative reactions to the label(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
- Label purchase influence(These will be assessed at one time point at the end of the 6-week study)
研究者
Christina Roberto, PHD
Assistant Professor of Medical Ethics and Health Policy
University of Pennsylvania