Effects of Core Stability Exercises and Yogic Asanas on Lower Back Stability using Surface Electromyography Analysis in Healthy Young Adults

This study explores the comparative effects of core stability exercises and yogic asanas on lower back stability in 34 healthy adults aged 18–30 using surface electromyography (sEMG) analysis.  The placement of the electrode on the multifidus and erector spinae muscles following the SENIAM guidelines. The methodology involves an experimental design where participants are randomly assigned to either Group A (Core Stability) or Group B (Yoga asanas) for a 4-months study period. The protocol consists of a  4-week progressive intervention  Group A performs exercises like the Bridge, Bird-Dog, prone trunk extension  and Superman, while Group B practices asanas such as Bhujangasana and Shalabhasana, Setu Bandhasana, Marjariasana–Bitilasana . Progression moves from 3-second holds in Week 1 to 10-second holds by Week 4 . Data is collected using sEMG at a 4000 Hz sampling frequency to measure Root Mean Square (RMS) and peak muscle activation in the multifidus and erector spinae. These outcomes are used to determine significant differences in neuromuscular recruitment patterns and effectiveness between the two intervention types. By utilizing Surface Electromyography (sEMG) to quantify Root Mean Square (RMS) and peak activation, this research provides objective, evidence-based data to determine which modality superiorly optimizes the active and neural subsystems in asymptomatic individuals. The ultimate goal is to validate a preventive clinical protocol that mitigates compensatory mechanisms and maintains spinal integrity in a sedentary young population.