The Evaluation of Cell-Free Plasma DNA (cfDNA) and Oxidative Stress Indices as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Overtraining
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 100
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change in cytokine response
研究概览
简要总结
Athletic training aims to increase and improve physical performance that is achieved through training overload combined with periods of rest and recovery. Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is associated with an imbalance between training and recovery. The symptoms associated with OTS vary between individuals and may reflect parasympathetic and/or sympathetic nervous system alterations as well as endocrine irregularities. The prevalence is not known, but it is usually reported among endurance athletes, such as cyclists, distance runners and triathletes. It appears that OTS represents a systemic inflammatory process with diffuse effects on the neurohormonal axis affecting host immunology and mood. Previous works, showed that cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) is correlated with the severity of excessive exercise-induced inflammation as well as with trauma and stroke severity suggesting that it might be used as a potential clinical marker for athletes with overtraining syndrome. Oxidative stress indices can be determined non-invasively and may reflect inflammatory responses after training suggesting that they could be used as clinical markers for the diagnosis of OTS. However, there are no available biomarkers to aid towards the diagnosis and/or prevention of OTS, except that of the persistence of unexplained underperformance despite an extensive recovery of the athlete. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of cf-DNA and selected oxidative stress variables as diagnostic biomarkers of OTS.
详细描述
A total number of 15 elite-level runners (both male and female) and 80-100 soccer players (both male and female) will participate in the study.The day when participants (runners) will arrive at the lab early in the morning, after an overnight fast. They will have their blood pressure and orthostatic heart rate measured and they will also provide a blood sample. Immediately after participants' body composition will be assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Then, they will perform the Meeusen test providing a second blood sample immediately after the test. During the subsequent 4-hour resting period, the participants followed by assessment of joint mobility, delayed onset of muscle soreness, flexibility and vertical jump performance after that lower limb peak torque by isokinetic dynamometer. A second Meeusen test will take place after the resting period with blood sampling post-testing. Then, participants will have a 3-hour rest, after which they will visit the lab again in order to perform the running economy testing protocol and a maximal lactate steady state test. Finally, participants will complete POMS-, quality of sleep- and symptomatology-related questionnaires and will be taught on how to complete dietary recalls. Over the subsequent 12-month period participants will provide the investigator with a detailed report of their training plan and a symptomatology questionnaire every month. These measurements take place for all participants in two different periods, in transitional period/baseline and in middle season (berore tha main race). If someone of participants manifest the symptoms of overtraining, they perform the protocol of measurements again. The day when participants (soccer players) will arrive at the lab early in the morning, after an overnight fast. They will have their blood pressure and orthostatic heart rate measured and they will also provide a blood sample. Immediately after participants' body composition will be assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The participants followed by assessment of joint mobility, delayed onset of muscle soreness, flexibility and vertical jump performance after that lower limb peak torque by isokinetic dynamometer. After resting, they will measurement the maximum oxygen uptake in stress test on the aisle. The next days, in football players take place in field tests, will measure the Speed in 10, 30 meters, Yo-Yo IE2 (Intermittent Endurance 2), Yo-Yo IR2 (Intermittent Recovery 2) and Repeated Sprint Ability (RSA). Finally, participants (soccer players) will complete POMS-, quality of sleep- and symptomatology-related questionnaires and will be taught on how to complete dietary recalls.These measurements take place for all participants in two different periods, in transitional period/baseline and in middle season (berore tha main race). If someone of participants manifest the symptoms of overtraining, they perform the protocol again.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 15 Years 至 40 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- 未提供
排除标准
- 未提供
结局指标
主要结局
Change in cytokine response
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 will be measured in plasma.
Change in total antioxidant capacity
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Total antioxidant capacity will be measured in plasma
Change in reduced glutathione in blood
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of reduced glutathione will be measured in in red blood cells
Change in cell free plasma DNA
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Cell free plasma DNA will be measured with real-time PCR in plasma samples.
Change in Cortisol level
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Cortisol concentration will measured in serum
Change in creatine kinase in plasma
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of creatine kinase will be measured in plasma
Change in uric acid in plasma
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of uric acid will be measured in plasma
Change in catalase activity
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Catalase activity will be measured in red blood cells
Change in Testosterone level
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Testosterone concentration will be measured in serum
Change in protein carbonyls in blood
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of protein carbonyls will be measured in red blood cells
Change in oxidized glutathione in blood
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of oxidized glutathione will be measured in red blood cells
Change in malondialdehyde in blood
时间窗: At baseline, at six months and at twelve months
Concentration of malondialdehyde will be measured in serum
次要结局
- Change in orthostatic heart rate.(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in delay onset of muscle soreness (DOMS)(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in complete blood count(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in Yo-Yo IE2(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in peak torque(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in jumping ability.(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in flexibility(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in body composition.(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in blood lactate concentration(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in RSA(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in Yo-Yo IR2(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Change in Spreed(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
- Dietary intake(At baseline, at six months and at twelve months)
研究者
Ioannis G. Fatouros
Professor
University of Thessaly