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Chlorhexidine Gluconate Cleansing in Preventing Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection and Acquisition of Multi-drug Resistant Organisms in Younger Patients With Cancer or Undergoing Donor Stem Cell Transplant

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Bacterial Infection
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection
Benign Neoplasm
Myeloid Neoplasm
Recurrent Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Malignant Neoplasm
Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Interventions
Procedure: Chlorhexidine Gluconate Skin Cleanser
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Procedure: Mild Soap Skin Cleanser
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Registration Number
NCT01817075
Lead Sponsor
Children's Oncology Group
Brief Summary

This randomized phase III trial studies chlorhexidine gluconate cleansing to see how well it works compared to control cleansing in preventing central line associated bloodstream infection and acquisition of multi-drug resistant organisms in younger patients with cancer or undergoing donor stem cell transplant. Chlorhexidine gluconate may help reduce bloodstream infections and bacterial infections associated with the central line.

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine whether chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) cleansing decreases central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) in children with cancer or those receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine whether CHG cleansing decreases acquisition of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO: vancomycin resistant enterococci \[VRE\], methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus \[MRSA\], etc.) in children with cancer or those receiving allogeneic HCT.

II. To determine whether CHG cleansing in children with cancer or those receiving allogeneic HCT is associated with cutaneous bacterial isolates with reduced susceptibility to CHG.

III. To determine whether CHG cleansing decreases positive blood cultures in children with cancer or those receiving allogeneic HCT.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.

ARM I: Patients receive CHG cleansing with topical skin wipes once daily (QD) for 90 days.

ARM II: Patients receive control cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
177
Inclusion Criteria
  • TRANSPLANT PATIENTS: all patients undergoing planned allogeneic transplant (both malignant and non-malignant diagnoses)
  • ONCOLOGY PATIENTS: patients with an oncology diagnosis that are or will be on a chemotherapy regimen that will last for an additional >= 3 months or are on or will be on a chemotherapy regimen for < 3 months and then proceed to transplant (allogeneic or autologous stem cell rescue) during the 3-month study period
  • Patients undergoing allogeneic transplant must have, or be scheduled to have, an external tunneled central venous catheter (CVC) (Broviacs, Hickmans, tunneled percutaneously inserted central catheter [PICCs], etc.) and/or non-tunneled percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC) that is expected to remain in place for an additional >= 3 months
  • Patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that will receive chemotherapy with/without transplant must have, or be scheduled to have, an external tunneled CVC (Broviacs, Hickmans, tunneled PICCs, etc.) and/or non-tunneled PICC that is expected to remain in place for an additional >= 3 months
  • All other oncology patients that will receive chemotherapy with/without transplant must have, or be scheduled to have, an external tunneled CVC (Broviacs, Hickmans, tunneled PICCs, etc.) that is expected to remain in place for an additional >= 3 months
  • All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
  • All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients with a previous or current line infection are ineligible until 14 days after the completion of antibiotics
  • Patients with only totally implanted CVCs or ports are ineligible
  • Patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to CHG are ineligible
  • Patients with chronic, severe, generalized skin breakdown (such as generalized blistering, burns, severe graft versus host disease [GVHD] with open sores, etc.) are ineligible
  • Patients currently enrolled on Children's Oncology Group (COG) study ACCL0934 are not eligible until they have completed the infection observation period of that study
  • Patients scheduled to receive broad-spectrum prophylactic antibacterial therapy are ineligible; patients only receiving prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) (trimethoprim [TMP]/sulfamethoxazole [SMX]) or encapsulated organisms (penicillin) are eligible
  • Patients receiving sorafenib at the time of enrollment and those who are scheduled to receive sorafenib as part of a treatment plan are ineligible
  • Patients using prophylactic antimicrobial locks in the CVC at the time of enrollment and those who are scheduled to receive antimicrobial locks in the CVC as part of a treatment plan are ineligible
  • Patients previously enrolled on this trial are ineligible
  • Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding are ineligible

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Arm I (CHG cleansing wipe)Chlorhexidine Gluconate Skin CleanserPatients receive CHG cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.
Arm II (control)Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisPatients receive control cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.
Arm II (control)Questionnaire AdministrationPatients receive control cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.
Arm I (CHG cleansing wipe)Questionnaire AdministrationPatients receive CHG cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.
Arm II (control)Mild Soap Skin CleanserPatients receive control cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.
Arm I (CHG cleansing wipe)Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisPatients receive CHG cleansing with topical skin wipes QD for 90 days.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) Events During the At-risk DaysUp to 90 days post enrollment date

Rate of CLABSI per 1000 at-risk days. CLABSI outcome is defined according to the January 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria. At risk days are defined as days with eligible central lines in place.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Patients Who Acquire Cutaneous Bacterial Isolates With Reduced Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHG)Up to 90 days post enrollment date

Susceptibility to CHG is defined by MIC cutoff that is cutaneous staphylococcal isolate isolated from a follow-up swab with CHG MIC \> 4 ug/mL in patient without a resistant staphylococcal isolate isolated from a baseline swab.

Percentage of Patients With Multi-drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO)Up to 90 days post enrollment date

MDROs are defined as Staphylococcus aureus resistant to oxacillin, Enterococcus spp. resistant to vancomycin, Klebsiella pneumoniae or Escherichia coli non-susceptible (intermediate or resistant) to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime or any carbapenem, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to any carbapenem or ceftazidime, and either an aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is included as an MDRO and is defined as a positive lab test for C. difficile and \> 3 unformed stools in \< 24 hours.

Rate of Bacteremia Per 1000 At-risk DaysUp to 90 days post enrollment date

A bacteremia episode is defined any positive blood culture. At risk days are defined as days with eligible central lines in place.

Trial Locations

Locations (59)

Valley Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Madera, California, United States

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Egleston

🇺🇸

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Eastern Maine Medical Center

🇺🇸

Bangor, Maine, United States

Children's Hospital Los Angeles

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

University of Illinois

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Seattle Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Seattle, Washington, United States

University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Detroit, Michigan, United States

NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Sinai Hospital of Baltimore

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Miller Children's and Women's Hospital Long Beach

🇺🇸

Long Beach, California, United States

UCSF Medical Center-Parnassus

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

Children's Hospital and Research Center at Oakland

🇺🇸

Oakland, California, United States

Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Legacy Emanuel Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

T C Thompson Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States

The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York

🇺🇸

New Hyde Park, New York, United States

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

🇺🇸

Memphis, Tennessee, United States

Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas

🇺🇸

Austin, Texas, United States

Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Spokane, Washington, United States

Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Washington University School of Medicine

🇺🇸

Saint Louis, Missouri, United States

Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus

🇺🇸

Bronx, New York, United States

Children's Hospital of San Antonio

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Oregon Health and Science University

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC

🇨🇦

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

🇺🇸

Torrance, California, United States

Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville

🇺🇸

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children

🇺🇸

Wilmington, Delaware, United States

Saint Vincent Hospital Cancer Center Green Bay

🇺🇸

Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States

Children's National Medical Center

🇺🇸

Washington, District of Columbia, United States

Nemours Children's Clinic - Pensacola

🇺🇸

Pensacola, Florida, United States

Hackensack University Medical Center

🇺🇸

Hackensack, New Jersey, United States

Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson

🇺🇸

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Madigan Army Medical Center

🇺🇸

Tacoma, Washington, United States

Children's Hospital

🇨🇦

London, Ontario, Canada

Hospital for Sick Children

🇨🇦

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Connecticut Children's Medical Center

🇺🇸

Hartford, Connecticut, United States

City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Duarte, California, United States

Children's Hospital New Orleans

🇺🇸

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

The Toledo Hospital/Toledo Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Toledo, Ohio, United States

Sanford USD Medical Center - Sioux Falls

🇺🇸

Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States

Driscoll Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Corpus Christi, Texas, United States

Cook Children's Medical Center

🇺🇸

Fort Worth, Texas, United States

Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

🇨🇦

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

San Jorge Children's Hospital

🇵🇷

San Juan, Puerto Rico

University Pediatric Hospital

🇵🇷

San Juan, Puerto Rico

Nemours Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Orlando, Florida, United States

Tampa General Hospital

🇺🇸

Tampa, Florida, United States

Yale University

🇺🇸

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics

🇺🇸

Kansas City, Missouri, United States

Wake Forest University Health Sciences

🇺🇸

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

New York Medical College

🇺🇸

Valhalla, New York, United States

Children's Hospital of Orange County

🇺🇸

Orange, California, United States

Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Richmond, Virginia, United States

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