Bevacizumab Plus Irinotecan Plus Carboplatin for Recurrent Malignant Glioma (MG)

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Malignant Glioma

Interventions: Drug: bevacizumab and CPT-11 and Carboplatin

Registration Number: NCT00953121

Lead Sponsor: Annick Desjardins

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether Bevacizumab, CPT-11 and Carboplatin in combination are effective in the treatment of recurrent malignant glioma.

Detailed Description: Three cohorts will accrue and will be assessed independently. Each cohort will evaluate a separate malignant glioma subpopulation. Cohort A will assess recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) subjects who have not previously failed either bevacizumab, irinotecan or carboplatin. Cohort B will assess recurrent grade 3 malignant glioma subjects who have not previously failed either bevacizumab, irinotecan or carboplatin. Cohort C will assess recurrent GBM subjects who have failed prior bevacizumab therapy but who have not failed prior irinotecan or carboplatin. The primary endpoint of each cohort will be 6-month progression-free survival. This study will be conducted at The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke.

For each cohort, bevacizumab will be administered at 10 mg/kg with irinotecan every other week. The dose of irinotecan will be 125 mg/m2 for subjects not on Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A (CYP3A)-inducing anti-epileptics (EIAEDs) and 340 mg/m2 for subjects on EIAEDs. All subjects will also receive carboplatin on day 1 of each 28-day treatment cycle. Carboplatin will be dosed to achieve an area under the curve (AUC) of 4.

Within 2 weeks of starting the study, subject's medical history and current medical conditions will be recorded. A physical examination including vital signs (temperature, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and pulse), height and weight, and neurological examination will be done. Subject will be asked about his or her ability to perform everyday tasks. Blood tests for assessment of a complete blood count including monitoring liver and kidney function and a urine test to check kidney function will be performed. For women of childbearing potential, a blood test to rule out pregnancy will be done prior to the start of treatment. Blood tests will also check for a specific gene, which may affect how much irinotecan subject is given. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of will be performed within 2 weeks before starting study drugs as well as after every eight weeks to determine response and progression.

In total, approximately 3 teaspoons (15 mL) of blood will be drawn for the evaluations before starting study drug. These tests will be repeated every 8 weeks (blood chemistries), except a complete blood count (approximately 1 teaspoon), which will need to be repeated every week as well as when it is deemed clinically necessary to repeat. Every 4 weeks a urine test will be performed to test the amount of protein in subject's urine.

Placement of a central venous line may be required. Subjects will be seen in the clinic for a physical and neurological examination every four (4) weeks. Urine and blood laboratory tests will also be obtained at these visits. In addition, a complete blood count (about 1 teaspoon) will be obtained every week. Blood pressure measurement will be required every 2 weeks. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans will be done every 8 weeks (after every 2 cycles) to determine the effectiveness of the study drugs. If the tumor remains the same size or smaller, subject will continue to receive study drugs for 12 cycles unless there are bad side effects or unless there is evidence that the drug is not working. If evaluations show that there may be persistent tumor after 12 cycles, subject may continue treatment. Study drugs will stop if the subject's tumor gets larger.

Additional tests may be done at the discretion of the doctor as part of regular care throughout the study. These exams and tests will be done to monitor the effects of the study interventions.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 104

Inclusion Criteria

Cohorts A and B only

No prior failure or grade ≥ 3 toxicity to bevacizumab, irinotecan or carboplatin.

Cohort C only

Failure on prior bevacizumab therapy
No prior failure or grade ≥ 3 toxicity to either irinotecan or carboplatin.

All Cohorts

Age * 18 years
Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) ≥ 70%
No more than 3 prior episodes of disease progression
An interval of at least 4 weeks between prior surgical resection or one week from stereotactic biopsy
An interval of at least 12 weeks from the end of prior radiotherapy unless there is a new area of enhancement consistent with recurrent tumor outside of the radiation field, or there are progressive changes on MRI on at least two consecutive MRI scans at least four weeks apart, or there is biopsy-proven tumor progression
An interval of at least 4 weeks from prior chemotherapy (6 weeks for nitrosoureas) or investigational agent unless the patient has recovered from all anticipated toxicities associated with that therapy
Hematocrit ≥ 29%, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,000 cells/*l, platelets ≥ 100,000 cells/*l
Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) ≤ 2.5 times upper limit of normal and bilirubin ≤ 2.0 times upper limit of normal
International Normalized Ratio (INR) < 1.5 or prothrombin time/partial thromboplastin time (PT/PTT) within 1.5 time upper limit of normal (ULN).
Signed informed consent approved by the Institutional Review Board prior to patient entry
No evidence of hemorrhage on the baseline MRI or CT scan other than those that are stable grade 1
If sexually active, patients will take contraceptive measures for the duration of the treatments. Medically acceptable contraceptives include: (1) surgical sterilization (such as a tubal ligation, hysterectomy, vasectomy), (2) approved hormonal contraceptives (such as birth control pills, patches, implants or injections), (3) barrier methods (such as a condom or diaphragm) used with a spermicide, or (4) an intrauterine device (IUD)

Exclusion Criteria

Disease-Specific Exclusions

Co-medication that may interfere with study results; e.g. immuno-suppressive agents other than corticosteroids
Active infection requiring intravenous antibiotics
Requires therapeutic anti-coagulation with warfarin

General Medical Exclusions

Subjects meeting any of the following criteria are ineligible for study entry:

Inability to comply with study and/or follow-up procedures
Current, recent (within 4 weeks of the first infusion of this study), or planned participation in an experimental drug study other than a Genentech-sponsored bevacizumab cancer study
Severe hepatic insufficiency (ongoing grade 3 or greater hepatic adverse events) or known active chronic hepatitis
Homozygosity for the *28 uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) allele.

Bevacizumab-Specific Exclusions

Inadequately controlled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure > 150 and/or diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg on antihypertensive medications)
Any prior history of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy
New York Heart Association (NYHA) Grade II or greater congestive heart failure
History of myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 6 months prior to study enrollment
History of stroke or transient ischemic attack within 6 months prior to study enrollment
Significant vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection)
Symptomatic peripheral vascular disease
Evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy
Major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to study enrollment or anticipation of need for major surgical procedure during the course of the study
Core biopsy or other minor surgical procedure, excluding placement of a vascular access device, within 7 days prior to study enrollment
History of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months prior to study enrollment
Serious, non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture
Proteinuria at screening as demonstrated by either:
Urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio ≥ 1.0 at screening OR
Urine dipstick for proteinuria ≥ 2+ (patients discovered to have ≥2+ proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo a 24 hour urine collection and must demonstrate ≤ 1g of protein in 24 hours to be eligible)
Known hypersensitivity to any component of bevacizumab, Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human or humanized antibodies."
Pregnant (positive pregnancy test) or lactating. Use of effective means of contraception (men and women) in subjects of child-bearing potential

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Cohort A-Grade IV No Failure	bevacizumab and CPT-11 and Carboplatin	Recurrent GBM patients who have not previously failed bevacizumab, irinotecan, or carboplatin
Cohort B-Grade III No Failure	bevacizumab and CPT-11 and Carboplatin	Recurrent Grade 3 malignant glioma patients who have not previously failed either bevacizumab, irinotecan or carboplatin
Cohort C-Failed Prior Therapy	bevacizumab and CPT-11 and Carboplatin	Recurrent Grade IV GBM patients who have failed prior bevacizumab therapy, but not prior CPT-11 or carboplatin therapies

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
6 Month Progression-free Survival	6 months	Percentage of participants surviving six months from the start of study treatment without progression of disease. PFS was defined as the time from the date of study treatment initiation to the date of the first documented progression according to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria, or to death due to any cause. Progression is defined as greater than or equal to a 25% increase in the product of the largest perpendicular diameters of any enhancing lesion or any new enhancing tumor on MRI scans. Patients may also be classified as progressive disease with significant neurologic decline felt to be due to underlying tumor and not attributable to co-morbid event or concurrent medication regardless of MRI findings.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Objective Response Rate	34 months	Percentage of participants with an objective response (complete response or partial response) based on Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria. A complete response is defined as disappearance of all enhancing tumor on contrast enhanced MRI scan. Patient must be off steroids or only on adrenal maintenance doses. A partial response is defined as greater than or equal to a 50% reduction in the size (products of the largest perpendicular diameters) for all enhancing lesions. No new lesions may arise. Steroids must be stable or decreasing dose.
Median Progression Free Survival (PFS)	40 months	Time in months from the start of study treatment to the date of first progression according to RANO criteria, or to death due to any cause. Patients alive who had not progressed as of the last follow-up had PFS censored at the last follow-up date. Median PFS was estimated using a Kaplan-Meier curve.
Median Overall Survival (OS)	40 months	Time in months from the start of study treatment to date of death due to any cause. Patients alive as of the last follow-up had OS censored at the last follow-up date. Median OS was estimated using a Kaplan-Meier curve.
Safety of Bevacizumab (Avastin) in Combination With Irinotecan and Carboplatin	34 months	Number of patients experiencing a toxicity greater than or equal to grade 2 treatment-related toxicity