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Efficacy of Topical Calcipotriol-assisted AFL-PDT in Actinic Keratosis

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Actinic Dermatosis
Interventions
Drug: Placebo cream application
Drug: lidocaine/prilocaine (5%) application
Drug: MAL application
Other: Measurements of the fluorescence intensity
Device: irradiation with red light-emitting diode lamp
Registration Number
NCT02976727
Lead Sponsor
Dong-A University
Brief Summary

Vitamin D(Vit D) is a pro-differentiation agent that enhances the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) after MAL(methyl-aminolevulinate) incubation in actinic keratosis and may have significant benefit for the treatment of actinic keratosis by ablative fractional laser-primed photodynamic therapy (AFL-PDT).

Detailed Description

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL) is effective in the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK). Many strategies have been studied to improve the production of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), to improve efficacy of PDT. Pre-treatment of the skin with fractional laser resurfacing is a novel alternative technique to improve the efficacy of PDT for AK. The investigators' previous studies showed that ablative fractional laser primed PDT (AFL-PDT) offered higher efficacy than conventional MAL-PDT in the treatment of AK. But, reduced response rates are also observed in thicker skin lesions, which may be due to insufficient PpIX accumulation within the target tissue.

Cellular differentiation leads to increased synthesis of PpIX from MAL and consecutively, differentiation therapy enhances photosensitization effect. Topical calcipotriol is a well-known pro-differentiation hormone and was demonstrated to influence the effect of PDT on keratinocytes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of topical vitamin D in AFL-PDT for AK treatment. Consequently, the investigator compared efficacy, recurrence rate, cosmetic outcome and safety between VitD - AFL-PDT and conventional AFL-PDT.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
48
Inclusion Criteria
  • Korean patients aged ≥ 18 years who had biopsy-confirmed Actinic keratosis lesions
Exclusion Criteria
  • calcium metabolic disorder patients
  • photosensitivity disorder patients
  • lactating or pregnant women
  • patients with porphyria or a known allergy to any of the constituents of the MAL cream and lidocaine
  • patients with systemic disease, history of malignant melanoma, tendency of melasma development or keloid formation, any AK treatment of the area in the previous 4 weeks, or any conditions associated with a risk of poor protocol compliance; and patients on immunosuppressive treatment

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
FACTORIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
GroupB (Conventional AFL PDT group )MAL applicationGroup B was treated with conventional AFL-PDT
GroupB (Conventional AFL PDT group )Measurements of the fluorescence intensityGroup B was treated with conventional AFL-PDT
GroupA (Vit-D pretreated AFL-PDT group )irradiation with red light-emitting diode lampGroup A was treated with topical VitD-assisted AFL-PDT
GroupA (Vit-D pretreated AFL-PDT group )Topical Vitamin D (Calcipotriol) applicationGroup A was treated with topical VitD-assisted AFL-PDT
GroupB (Conventional AFL PDT group )Placebo cream applicationGroup B was treated with conventional AFL-PDT
GroupA (Vit-D pretreated AFL-PDT group )lidocaine/prilocaine (5%) applicationGroup A was treated with topical VitD-assisted AFL-PDT
GroupA (Vit-D pretreated AFL-PDT group )MAL applicationGroup A was treated with topical VitD-assisted AFL-PDT
GroupA (Vit-D pretreated AFL-PDT group )Measurements of the fluorescence intensityGroup A was treated with topical VitD-assisted AFL-PDT
GroupB (Conventional AFL PDT group )lidocaine/prilocaine (5%) applicationGroup B was treated with conventional AFL-PDT
GroupB (Conventional AFL PDT group )irradiation with red light-emitting diode lampGroup B was treated with conventional AFL-PDT
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Differences of short-term complete response rates between VitD-AFL-PDT and AFL-PDTShort-term complete response rates were evaluated at 3 months after treatment

Lesion responses were classified as either a complete response (complete disappearance of the lesion) or a noncomplete response (incomplete disappearance)

Difference of the recurrence rates between VitD-AFL-PDT and AFL-PDTRecurrence rates were evaluated respectively at 12 months after treatment.

In all cases of complete response, the patients were reviewed at 12 months to check for recurrence. Recurrence was assessed by inspection, dermoscopy, photography, palpation, and histologic findings. For the histopathologic evaluation of treatment response, at the 12-month follow-up visit, a 3-mm punch biopsy of the treated AK lesion was performed in all cases of clinically incomplete response.

Differences of long-term complete response rates between VitD-AFL-PDT and AFL-PDTLong-term complete response rates were evaluated at 12 months

In all cases of complete response, the patients were reviewed at 12 months to check for recurrence. Recurrence was assessed by inspection, dermoscopy, photography, palpation, and histologic findings. For the histopathologic evaluation of treatment response, at the 12-month follow-up visit, a 3-mm punch biopsy of the treated AK lesion was performed in all cases of clinically incomplete response.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Differences of cosmetic outcomes between VitD-AFL-PDT and AFL-PDTThe overall cosmetic outcome was assessed 12 months after treatment

Cosmetic outcomes were graded as excellent (slight redness or pigmentation change), good (moderate redness or pigmentation change), fair (slight-to-moderate scarring, atrophy, or induration), or poor (extensive scarring, atrophy, or induration)

Difference of adverse events (erythema, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, edema, itching, oozing, bleeding) rates between VitD-AFL-PDT and AFL-PDTWithin 12 months after each treatment

Adverse events reported by the patient were noted at each follow-up visit, including severity, duration and need for additional therapy. All events due to PDT were described as phototoxic reactions (i.e., erythema, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, oedema, itching, oozing, bleeding and so forth).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Dong-A University

🇰🇷

Busan, Seo-gu, Korea, Republic of, 602-715, Korea, Republic of

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