Evaluation of Periodontal Clinical Parameters and Blood Tests in Diabetic Patients Submitted to Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment

There is a need for more intense metabolic control of the diabetic patient with periodontal disease, since the destruction of the periodontal tissues may be more aggressive, and a rapid control of the oral infection in these patients is essential to avoid the exacerbation of the metabolic imbalance. The initiation and progression of diabetes probably involve the interaction of a multiplicity of factors, these being hereditary and immunological factors that are governed by environmental factors. It can be observed that there is a lack of awareness of oral complications between diabetics and health care providers, and it is extremely important to understand how diabetes affects oral health and there is a need for regular follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus by dentists and medical professional. The objective of the present study was to evaluate diabetic individuals with chronic periodontitis submitted to non-surgical periodontal treatment using clinical parameters and blood tests of fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin. The study was approved by the Research Committee of the Metropolitan University of Santos, nº 1.806.841 and all the patients involved in the research had access to the informed consent form. The diagnosis of diabetes was obtained through blood tests that test blood glucose levels, thus, before clinical evaluations, and 90 days after the periodontal treatment were performed fasting blood glucose tests. Healthy patients also underwent blood tests. After the anamnesis, periodontal clinical examination was performed by a previously trained and calibrated periodontist. Periodontal clinical parameters were realized. After periodontal therapy, all patients underwent further periodontal and laboratory blood tests. The data obtained were tabulated and received statistical treatment through the Anova and Chi square tests. There seems to be a relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease and studies that provide the implementation of therapy are essential for clarifying the relationship.