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Orexin s Role in the Neurobiology of Substance Use Disorder

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Nicotine Dependence
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT05630781
Lead Sponsor
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Brief Summary

Study Description:

Despite the availability of pharmacotherapy for some substance use disorders, relapse vulnerability is still a significant issue. This suggests medications with alternative mechanisms of action should be explored to address this unmet need. Substantial preclinical research indicates that orexin antagonism blunts the internally and externally triggered motivation to attain abused substances. This research project will translate these preclinical findings into the clinical domain by administering the FDA approved orexin antagonist, suvorexant, to those with a substance use disorder. Suvorexant s ability to blunt neurobiological correlates of substance misuse will be assessed. This will be assessed following acute and repeated drug administration. Baseline individual differences will be considered to determine whether neurobiological variance influences suvorexant s impact in those with nicotine dependence. In an independent arm, the interaction between suvorexant and a dopamine agonist (methylphenidate) on cognitive function will be assessed in non-smoking individuals.

Objectives:

The objective is to determine the acute and chronic impact of the orexin antagonist, suvorexant, on neurobiological and behavioral factors linked with substance use disorders. Whether such effects are mediated by baseline characteristics will be tested. Given suvorexant is an FDA approved treatment for insomnia, sleep will be evaluated as well in the nicotine dependent arm.

Endpoints:

In nicotine-dependent individuals, suvorexant s impact on brain function will be assessed several ways by evaluating: 1) resting function, 2) reactivity to drug cues, 3) reactivity to non-drug related cognitive tasks. Sleep and nicotine use will be measured throughout the study period. In those without nicotine-dependence, the impact of suvorexant and the interaction of acute methylphenidate and suvorexant on brain function will be assessed. This arm will provide insight into how suvorexant impacts reward/cognition as well as impacts the pharmacological influence of methylphenidate on those same measures.

Study Population:\<TAB\>

Nicotine dependence arm:140 subjects; Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are daily smokers/vapers.

Control arm: 80 subjects; Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are non-smokers/vapers

This study will be conducted at the NIDA-IRP, Biomedical Research Center, in Baltimore, MD.

Description of Study Intervention:

Nicotine dependence arm: Suvorexant at 10 mg single dose, and Suvorexant at 10 mg daily for approximately 7 days.

Control arm: 1. Tolerability visit with one MRI scan post-20mg methylphenidate, 4 acute drug administration (6-14 days in randomized order: 1. Placebo + placebo; 2. 20mg suvorexant + Placebo; 3. Placebo + 40mg methylphenidate; 4. 20 mg suvorexant + 40mg methylphenidate max)

Study Duration:

5 years

Participant Duration:

1-2 months

Detailed Description

Study Description:

Despite the availability of pharmacotherapy for some substance use disorders, relapse vulnerability is still a significant issue. This suggests medications with alternative mechanisms of action should be explored to address this unmet need. Substantial preclinical research indicates that orexin antagonism blunts the internally and externally triggered motivation to attain abused substances. This research project will translate these preclinical findings into the clinical domain by administering the FDA approved orexin antagonist, suvorexant, to those with a substance use disorder. Suvorexant s ability to blunt neurobiological correlates of substance misuse will be assessed. This will be assessed following acute and repeated drug administration. Baseline individual differences will be considered to determine whether neurobiological variance influences suvorexant s impact in those with nicotine dependence. In an independent arm, the interaction between suvorexant and a dopamine agonist (methylphenidate) on cognitive function will be assessed in non-smoking individuals.

Objectives:

The objective is to determine the acute and chronic impact of the orexin antagonist, suvorexant, on neurobiological and behavioral factors linked with substance use disorders. Whether such effects are mediated by baseline characteristics will be tested. Given suvorexant is an FDA approved treatment for insomnia, sleep will be evaluated as well in the nicotine dependent arm.

Endpoints:

In nicotine-dependent individuals, suvorexant s impact on brain function will be assessed several ways by evaluating: 1) resting function, 2) reactivity to drug cues, 3) reactivity to non-drug related cognitive tasks. Sleep and nicotine use will be measured throughout the study period. In those without nicotine-dependence, the impact of suvorexant and the interaction of acute methylphenidate and suvorexant on brain function will be assessed. This arm will provide insight into how suvorexant impacts reward/cognition as well as impacts the pharmacological influence of methylphenidate on those same measures.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
140
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Control ArmBelsomra80 Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are non-smokers/vapers. 1. Baseline visit with 1 fMRI scans pre- and post-20mg methylphenidate, 4 acute drug administration (6-14 days in randomized order: 1. Placebo + placebo; 2. 20mg suvorexant + Placebo; 3. Placebo + 40mg methylphenidate; 4. 20 mg suvorexant + 40mg methylphenidate max)
Control ArmPlacebo80 Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are non-smokers/vapers. 1. Baseline visit with 1 fMRI scans pre- and post-20mg methylphenidate, 4 acute drug administration (6-14 days in randomized order: 1. Placebo + placebo; 2. 20mg suvorexant + Placebo; 3. Placebo + 40mg methylphenidate; 4. 20 mg suvorexant + 40mg methylphenidate max)
Control ArmMethylphenidate80 Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are non-smokers/vapers. 1. Baseline visit with 1 fMRI scans pre- and post-20mg methylphenidate, 4 acute drug administration (6-14 days in randomized order: 1. Placebo + placebo; 2. 20mg suvorexant + Placebo; 3. Placebo + 40mg methylphenidate; 4. 20 mg suvorexant + 40mg methylphenidate max)
Nicotine Dependence ArmBelsomra140 Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are daily smokers/vapers. Suvorexant at 10 mg single dose, and Suvorexant at 10 mg daily for approximately 7 days.
Nicotine Dependence ArmPlacebo140 Volunteers who are between the ages of 18-60 and are daily smokers/vapers. Suvorexant at 10 mg single dose, and Suvorexant at 10 mg daily for approximately 7 days.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
task based fMRIeach scan visit

Determine whether suvorexant blunts reward sensitivity

cue reactivity and suvorexant effectivenesseach scan visit

Determine whether baseline variance in cue reactivity contributes to suvorexant s effectiveness

fMRI - cue reactivityeach scan visit

Test whether acute and/or chronic suvorexant reduces smoking/vaping cue reactivity

fMRIeach scan visit

to assess not only whether there is an interaction between acute methylphenidate and suvorexant on brain function and reward/cognition, but also whether any sex differences within this interaction exist

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Resting state fMRIeach scan visit

Determine the impact of acute and chronic suvorexant on the brain s inherent resting function

wearable watch sensor2 weeks of daily watch wearing

Determine the impact of suvorexant on sleep

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

National Institute on Drug Abuse

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

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