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Efficacy and Safety of Sugammadex in Thoracoscopy Thymectomy for Chinese Adults With Myasthenia Gravis

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT06436768
Lead Sponsor
Beijing Tongren Hospital
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) undergoing thoracoscopic thymectomy faster recovery from a moderate neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium after reversal at reappearance of T2 by 2.0 mg/kg sugammadex compared to 50 ug/kg neostigmine.

Methods: A total of 64 patients with MG undergoing thoracoscopic thymectomy will be randomly divided into two groups: Sugammadex group (S group) and Neostigmine group (N group). The same anesthesia methods will be applied in both groups. Patients of S group will receive a dose of 2.0 mg/kg sugammadex after the last dose of rocuronium, at reappearance of T2. Patients of N group will receive a dose of 50 ug/kg neostigmine after the last dose of rocuronium, at reappearance of T2. The primary endpoint is time from start of administration of sugammadex or neostigmine to recovery of train-of-four stimulation ratio (TOFr) to 0.9. Secondary end points include time from start of administration of sugammadex or neostigmine to recovery of TOFr to 0.8 and 0.7, time to extubation, clinical signs of neuromuscular recovery, hemodynamic changes after muscle relaxation antagonism, adverse effects, time to operating room (OR) discharge, time to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge, and pulmonary complications within 7 days after the operation.

Detailed Description

Due to neuromuscular transmission and functioning deficits, patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) are at increased risk of postoperative residual curarization (PORC), and may even develop into postoperative myasthenia crisis (PMC), which is a serious complication after thymectomy and increases the risk of death, with an incidence of up to 18.2%.

Effective reversal of neuromuscular blockade is crucial to ensure patient safety, reduce the incidence of PORC or PMC and prompt postoperative recovery. Traditionally, neostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, can be employed for neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) reversal. However, neostigmine is associated with potential drawbacks, such as delayed recovery and adverse muscarinic side effects.

Sugammadex, a selective relaxant binding agent, represents a relatively new alternative for NMBA reversal, specifically designed to encapsulate and inactivate aminosteroid NMBAs. The clinical benefits of sugammadex have been documented in several studies, demonstrating faster reversal of neuromuscular blockade and more predictable recovery profiles compared to neostigmine. However, the use of sugammadex in patients with MG remains an area of limited evidence. To date, to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of prospective research to elucidate the application value of sugammadex in thymectomy in patients with MG.

This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial aimed at exploring the efficacy and safety of sugammadex compared to neostigmine for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in patients with myasthenia gravis after thoracoscopic thymectomy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
62
Inclusion Criteria
  • • Patients with MG scheduled for elective thoracoscopic thymectomy

    • Aged 18 to 65 years
    • American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification system: I - III
Exclusion Criteria
  • Inability to obtain written informed consent
  • With severe renal or hepatic dysfunction
  • A plan to return to ICU with intubation postoperation
  • A family history of malignant hyperthermia
  • Suspected difficult airway
  • Allergy to medications involved in the study
  • A contraindication for neostigmine or sugammadex administration
  • The patient's arm is not available for neuromuscular monitoring
  • Patients receiving medication known to interfere with NMBAs (e.g., anticonvulsants, antibiotics, magnesium salts)
  • Pregnant or lactating patients

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Sugammadex group (S group)SugammadexAfter the last dose of rocuronium, at reappearance of T2, a dose of 2.0 mg/kg sugammadex was administered.
Neostigmine group (N group)NeostigmineAfter the last dose of rocuronium, at reappearance of T2, a dose of 50 ug/kg neostigmine plus atropine 0.02 mg/kg was administered.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Recovery timeAfter operation within 24 hours

The comparison of the recovery periods between groups when the start of administering reversal agent to the recovery of TOF ratio≥ 0.9

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Time from start of administration of sugammadex or neostigmine to the train-of-four stimulation ratio (TOFr) 0.8After operation within 120 minutes

Muscle relaxation monitoring was performed with an accelero-myography (AMG) neuromuscular monitor by assessment of the TOF responses of adductor pollicis muscle to ulnar nerve stimulation every 15 seconds. T1 and T4 refer to the amplitudes of the first and fourth twitches, respectively, after TOF nerve stimulation. The TOFr, that is T4/T1 Ratio (expressed as a decimal of up to 1.0) represents the extent of recovery from neuromuscular blockade (NMB). A faster time to TOFr 0.8 indicates a faster recovery from NMB.

Time from start of administration of sugammadex or neostigmine to the train-of-four stimulation ratio (TOFr) 0.7.After operation within 120 minutes

Muscle relaxation monitoring was performed with an accelero-myography (AMG) neuromuscular monitor by assessment of the TOF responses of adductor pollicis muscle to ulnar nerve stimulation every 15 seconds. T1 and T4 refer to the amplitudes of the first and fourth twitches, respectively, after TOF nerve stimulation. The TOFr, that is T4/T1 Ratio (expressed as a decimal of up to 1.0) represents the extent of recovery from neuromuscular blockade (NMB). A faster time to TOFr 0.7 indicates a faster recovery from NMB.

Extubation timeAfter operation within 60 minutes

The time period between administering a reversal agent to extubation

Time to discharge from the operating roomAfter operation within 60 minutes

The time period between administering a reversal agent to operating room discharge

Time to discharge from recovery roomAfter operation within 120 minutes

The time period between entering the recovery room amd discharge from recovery room

The incidence of mean arterial blood pressure fluctuations ≥20%After operation within 24 hours

The proportion of patients in this group who experience mean arterial blood pressure fluctuation ≥ 20% within 30 minutes after administration of antagonists compared with before administration of antagonists

The incidence of heart rate fluctuations ≥20%After operation within 24 hours

The proportion of patients in this group who experience heart rate fluctuation ≥ 20% within 30 minutes after administration of antagonists compared with before administration of antagonists

The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complicationsWithin the first 7 days after surgery

Unit: %; This value is a percentage. Postoperative pulmonary complications include pneumonia; aspiration pneumonitis; atelectasis; respiratory failure; bronchospasm; pulmonary congestion; pleural effusion; pneumothorax.

Hypoxemic eventsparticipants will be followed for the duration of the PACU stay, an expected average of 2 hours, up to 7 days

Blood oxygenation values will be measured using pulse oximetry from the time of PACU admission until discharge from the PACU

Incidence of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade (rNMB)After operation within 24 hours

Incidence of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade (rNMB) (defined as a train-of-four ratio, TOFR \<0.9) measured 30 min after administration of the reversal agent.

Number of patients who need rescue medicationAfter operation within 24 hours

After extubation to prior to discharge from the recovery room, record the number of patients who need rescue medication because of clinical signs of residual paralysis (i.e. if a patient complain about muscle weakness, difficulty breathing, or oxygen desaturation ≤ 95%)

Unplanned ICU hospitalization rate1 months after operation

Unit: %; This value is a percentage.

The incidence of adverse effectsWithin 48 hours after operation

Unit: %; This value is a percentage. Any adverse effects in the operating room or in PACU include procedural pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, pruritus, reintubation, incision site complication, postprocedural nausea, vomiting, flatulence, procedural complication, insomnia, muscular weakness, headache, pharyngolaryngeal pain.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Beijing tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University

🇨🇳

Beijing, Beijing, China

The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University

🇨🇳

Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

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