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Prophylactic Antibiotics in Comatose Survivors of Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Interventions
Drug: Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid
Registration Number
NCT02899507
Lead Sponsor
University Medical Centre Ljubljana
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is potential benefits of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) treated in intensive care unit with therapeutic hypothermia.

Detailed Description

Postresuscitation management of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) significantly improved and "bundle of care" including therapeutic hypothermia, immediate coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and contemporary intensive care nowadays leads to survival with good neurological recovery. Benefit of prophylactic antibiotics, which may suppress development of postresuscitation infection and especially early onset pneumonia and thereby decrease the severity of postresuscitation systemic inflammatory response, is controversial. Because of these uncertainties, the investigators performed a single-center randomized clinical trial comparing prophylactic versus clinically-driven administration of antibiotics in comatose survivors of OHCA. The investigators hypothesized that prophylactic antibiotics may decrease the severity of postresuscitation systemic inflammatory response by reducing the incidence of postresuscitation infection and especially pneumonia which was further addressed by repeat microbiological sampling.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
60
Inclusion Criteria
  • Female and male over 18 years old
  • Comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treated in intensive care unit with therapeutic hypothermia
Exclusion Criteria
  • Suspected or confirmed pregnancy
  • Allergy to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
  • Tracheobronchial aspiration
  • Antibiotic therapy before cardiac arrest
  • Need of antibiotics due to other causes
  • Candidates for immediate veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO)
  • Patients in whom no active treatment was decided on admission

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Prophylactic antibioticAmoxicillin-Clavulanic acidAmoxicillin-Clavulanic acid 1.2g every 8h
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Value of C-reactive protein (CRP) at day threeThree days after admission to Intensive care unit (ICU)

Expressed in milligram/litre (normal \<5 mg/L)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Appearance of pneumonia on chest X rayChest X ray was taken on admission and afterwards on daily basis during the stay in the intensive care unite but not longer than first week
Duration of mechanical ventilationFrom the admission until spontaneous breathing . This was during ICU stay-one month

Duration of mechanical ventilation was expressed as days the patient needed the mechanical support for breathing regardless of mode of support

Survival with good neurological outcomeUp to six months after the event

Good neurological outcome was characterised using cerebral performance category (CPC) with 1-2 indicating good neurological recovery.

Incidence of positive hemoculturesFrom the admission until the patient was transferred to the ward. This was always during the ICU stay-one month
Severity of systemic inflammatory response estimated by peak white blood cell count (WBC)First measurement at admission in hospital and afterwards in 24 hours intervals during stay in the intensive care unite (ICU) but not longer then first seven days

Expressed in number of white blood cells x 109 per litre (L)

Severity of systemic inflammatory response estimated by peak value of procalcitonin (PCT)First measurement at admission in hospital and afterwards in 24 hours intervals during stay in the intensive care unite (ICU) but not longer then first seven days

Expressed in microgram/litre (normal \<0.5 microgram/L)

Severity of systemic inflammatory response estimated by peak value of neutrophil Cluster of differentiation 64 (CD 64)First measurement at admission in hospital and afterwards in 24 hours intervals in the first three days

Neutrophil CD 64 expression was used as an index of sepsis with \>1.2 indicating greater likelihood of sepsis

Duration of tracheal intubationFrom the day of admission until the extubation. This was always during the ICU stay- one month

Duration of intubation was expressed as days of intubation started with admission until the extubation. Because this is being done in intensive care unite, the time frame is duration of ICU stay

Incidence of positive blind mini bronchoalveolar lavage (Mini-BAL) on day 3Mini-BAL was performed on the third day after the sudden cardiac arrest
ICU stayFrom the admission until the patient was transferred to ward, usually less than one month

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Medical Centre Ljubljana

🇸🇮

Ljubljana, Slovenia

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