Relative Effects of Chronic Consumption of Egg Protein at Breakfast With and Without Fiber on Brain Neural Activation, Appetite, Glycemic and Lipemic Control and Self-selected Energy Intake
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Purdue University
- Enrollment
- 20
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Brain activation measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging and its association with measures subjective of appetite, self-selected daily energy intake, and energy intake at an ad libitum lunch.
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The objectives of the research are to assess the effects of increased protein and fiber intake at breakfast on neural activation in brain regions associated with appetitive drive and reward-driven eating, measures of subjective appetite, and ingestive behavior in overweight adults. Additional outcomes of interest include the effects of the breakfast intervention on blood sugar and cholesterol profiles.
Detailed Description
The objectives of the research are to assess the effects of increased protein and fiber intake at breakfast on neural activation in brain regions associated with appetitive drive and reward-driven eating, measures of subjective appetite, and ingestive behavior in overweight adults. Additional outcomes of interest include the effects of the breakfast intervention on 24-hour glucose profile as well as fasting and postprandial glycemic and lipemic regulation. The investigators will test the effects of consuming breakfasts with normal protein/normal fiber (NPNF), normal protein/high fiber (NPHF), high protein/normal fiber (HPNF), and high protein/high fiber (HPHF) for two weeks in a randomized cross-over study.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Basic Science
- Masking
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 21 Years to 45 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •male or female
- •age 21 - 45 years
- •BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2
Exclusion Criteria
- •Irregular menstrual cycles
- •current smoker
- •medications or supplements that affect appetite
- •pregnant or lactating
- •not weight stable
- •acutely ill
- •claustrophobic
- •any implantation unsafe in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment
Arms & Interventions
Average Protein and Fiber at Breakfast
Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast. Participants will eat a 400 kcal breakfast with an average amount of protein and fiber for this age group for 2 weeks.
Intervention: Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast (Other)
Average Protein and High Fiber at Breakfast
Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast. Participants will eat a 400 kcal breakfast with an average amount of protein and higher than average amount of fiber for this age group for 2 weeks.
Intervention: Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast (Other)
High Protein and Average Fiber at Breakfast
Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast. Participants will eat a 400 kcal breakfast with an average amount of fiber and higher than average amount of protein for this age group for 2 weeks.
Intervention: Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast (Other)
Higher Protein and Fiber at Breakfast
Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast. Participants will eat a 400 kcal breakfast with a higher than average amount of protein and fiber for this age group for 2 weeks.
Intervention: Dietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Brain activation measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging and its association with measures subjective of appetite, self-selected daily energy intake, and energy intake at an ad libitum lunch.
Time Frame: 16 weeks
Aim 1: Assess the effects of a higher than normal protein and fiber intake at breakfast on neural activation of brain regions associated with appetitive drive and reward-driven eating, measures subjective of appetite, self-selected daily energy intake, and energy intake at an ad libitum lunch.
Secondary Outcomes
- 24-hour blood glucose profile(16 Weeks)
- Fasting and postprandial blood glucose, insulin, and lipid concentrations(16 Weeks)
Investigators
Wayne Campbell
Professor, Nutrition Science
Purdue University