Immediate and Long-term Induction of Incretin Release by Artificial Sweeteners 1
- Conditions
- Pre-diabetesDiabetes
- Interventions
- Other: oral stimulation saccharinOther: oral stimulation glucoseOther: oral stimulation aspartameOther: oral stimulation sucralose
- Registration Number
- NCT02459535
- Lead Sponsor
- German Institute of Human Nutrition
- Brief Summary
Epidemiological data suggest, that not only sugar-based, but also artificially sweetened soft drinks may play a role in the development of diabetes.
Recent studies in animals and humans have shown, that artificial sweeteners (AS) influence metabolic responses after glucose ingestion, possibly alter the intestinal microbiome and even modulate incretin release.
However, it is unclear, if these findings are valid for all kinds of AS, as they are chemically different. Furthermore, data on human subjects are sparse and controversial.
The investigators will therefore conduct 7 consecutive single oral stimulations with glucose or AS alone or a combination. Three different AS will be tested.
- Detailed Description
Epidemiological data suggest, that not only sugar-based, but also artificially sweetened soft drinks may play a role in the development of diabetes.
Recent studies in animals and humans have shown, that artificial sweeteners (AS) influence metabolic responses after glucose ingestion, possibly alter the intestinal microbiome and even modulate incretin release.
However, it is unclear, if these findings are valid for all kinds of AS, as they are chemically different. Up to now, no single study has ever compared metabolic responses to different AS in the same subjects. Furthermore, data on human subjects are sparse and controversial. This is partially explained by different methodical approaches such as intragastral/intraduodenal application of AS, rather than conventional oral consumption.
The investigators will therefore conduct 7 consecutive single oral stimulations with glucose or AS alone or a combination. Three different AS will be tested: saccharin, aspartame and sucralose.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 14
- healthy
- metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, corticoid therapy, heart or lung disease
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Saccharin only oral stimulation saccharin oral ingestion of 0,112 g Saccharin in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose only oral stimulation glucose oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose + Saccharin oral stimulation saccharin oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose + 0,112 g Saccharin in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose + Aspartame oral stimulation glucose oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose 0,197 g Aspartame in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose + Sucralose oral stimulation sucralose oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose + 0,088 g Sucralose in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Aspartame only oral stimulation aspartame oral ingestion of 0,197 g Aspartame in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose + Saccharin oral stimulation glucose oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose + 0,112 g Saccharin in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose + Aspartame oral stimulation aspartame oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose 0,197 g Aspartame in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Glucose + Sucralose oral stimulation glucose oral ingestion of 54 g Glucose + 0,088 g Sucralose in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins Sucralose only oral stimulation sucralose oral ingestion of 0,088 g Sucralose in 300 ml water at t=0 in fasted state; blood samples over 120 mins
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method change in GLP-1 release 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
change in PYY release 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
change in GIP release 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
change in GLP-2 release 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
change in insulin release 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
change in combined blood levels of glucose and insulin, expressed in calculated indices for insulin secretion 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
change in combined blood levels of glucose and insulin, expressed in calculated indices for insulin sensitivity 120 mins comparison between all seven interventions
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
German Institut for Human Nutrition; Department for Clinical Nutrition
🇩🇪Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Brandenburg, Germany