Comparing the Ketogenic Effect of Coconut Oil and Different MCTs

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Healthy Adults

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Coconut oil
Dietary Supplement: Coconut oil + MCT
Dietary Supplement: MCT
Dietary Supplement: Coconut oil + tricaprylin
Dietary Supplement: Tricaprylin
Dietary Supplement: Tricaprin
Dietary Supplement: Control

Registration Number: NCT02679222

Lead Sponsor: Université de Sherbrooke

Brief Summary: The aim of this study is to compare the ketogenic effect of coconut oil and three MCT oils (60-40 , tricaprylin and triheptanoate) on the production of ketones in healthy adults. Each oil are evaluated individually or in combination over a 8h-period during which repeated blood sampling is performed.

Detailed Description: The study is composed of eight successive visits. Each visit consists of the consumption of one individual oil or a mixture of oils (20 g of coconut oil or 10 g of coconut oil + 10 g of MCT 60-40 or 20 g MCT 60-40 or 10 g coconut oil + 10 g tricaprylin or 20 g tricaprylin or 10 g coconut oil + 10 g triheptanoate or 20 g triheptanoate) and a 8h follow-up during which repeated blood samples are taken for laboratory analysis (plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, glucose, free fatty acids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, lactate and insulin).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 10

Inclusion Criteria

Healthy adult over 18 y old.

Exclusion Criteria

Fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mM (diabetics or pre-diabetics);
Smoking
Clinically-significant gastro-intestinal disease/conditions.
Clinically-significant liver disease/dysfunction.
Clinically-significant cardiac disease/conditions.
Clinically-significant abnormal coagulation.
Taking a medication that could affect lipid and glucose metabolism
Hypertension
Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Exercising more than 3 times a week

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Supplementation	MCT	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.
Supplementation	Coconut oil + tricaprylin	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.
Supplementation	Coconut oil	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.
Supplementation	Coconut oil + MCT	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.
Supplementation	Control	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.
Supplementation	Tricaprylin	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.
Supplementation	Tricaprin	Protocol involved seven separate but identical metabolic study days for each participant. the test substances were evaluated in random order: vehicle (Control) or 20 mL of the test oils (Coconut oil; tricaprin; tricaprylin; MCT \[tricaprylin/tricaprin\]; coconut oil + MCT \[50:50\]; Coconut oil + tricaprylin \[50:50\]) taken twice, once at breakfast and once at mid-day.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Ketone Concentrations	8 hours	Total ketones = Plasma acetoacetate (µmol/L) + beta-hydroxybutyrate (µmol/L) measured over a 8 hour period (i.e. daily mean). Samples are taken every 30 minutes on a 8 hours period. The mean is reported here.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Acetoacetate/Beta-hydroxybutyrate Ratio	8 hours	Plasma ratio of acetoacetate (µmol/L)/ beta-hydroxybutyrate (µmol/L) measured over a 8 hour period (i.e area-under-the-curve over 8 hours).