Medium Chain Triglycerides and Aerobic Exercise on Ketone Production in Women With or Without Prediabetes

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Prediabetic State

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: MCT
Dietary Supplement: MCT+ aerobic exercise
Dietary Supplement: Aerobic exercise
Dietary Supplement: Control day

Registration Number: NCT02678390

Lead Sponsor: Université de Sherbrooke

Brief Summary: The aim of this study is to compare the effect on ketone production of dietary an MCT supplement combined or not with physical exercise in two groups of women (N=10/group), healthy adults and patients with prediabetes. After an evaluation of the metabolism (a 4-hour visit with multiple blood samples) at the beginning of the study, all the participants are taken for one-week the MCT supplement alone follow by a one-week period of taking the MCT supplement in combination with physical exercise. At the end of each period of time, the 4-hour visit for the evaluation of the metabolism is repeated.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: Female

Target Recruitment: 20

Inclusion Criteria

Healthy women group: fasting blood glucose < 6.1 mmol/L and HbA1c < 6.0 %.
Women with prediabetes: fasting blood glucose between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol/L and HbA1c between 6.0 and 6.4 %

Exclusion Criteria

Structured physical activity (more than 2 times per week)
Inability to practice physical exercise
Diabetes (fasting glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%)
Uncontrolled dyslipidemia or hypertension
Use of medications known to affect the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates (steroids, beta-blockers, diuretics, insulin sensitizers, etc.)
Severe infections or inflammations

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Healthy women	MCT	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Healthy women	MCT+ aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Healthy women	Aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Women with prediabetes	MCT	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Women with prediabetes	Control day	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Women with prediabetes	MCT+ aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Women with prediabetes	Aerobic exercise	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.
Healthy women	Control day	Arm: Evaluation of MCT, aerobic exercise alone and MCT+ aerobic exercise on glucose/ketone/lipid/insulin metabolism in 4-hour visits with repeated blood sampling. Interventions: 1. A control day with no MCT and no aerobic exercise. 2. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day. 3. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at 70% to 80% HRR of intensity. 4. A 5 day consecutive MCT intake of 30 g/day in combination with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (70% to 80% HRR)/ day for the five days.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Ketone Concentrations	5 days	Acetoacetate (umol/L) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (umol/L); Called Ketones (µmol/L) when combine together The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Glucose Concentrations	5 days	Glucose (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Plasma Insulin Concentrations	5 days	Insulin (nmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Plasma Triglyceride Concentrations	5 days	Triglycerides (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)
Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentrations	5 days	Free fatty acids (mmol/L) measured in the plasma The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated according to the trapezoidal method from 0 to 4 h during the visits (interventions) CTL = Metabolic study day (Day 1) MCT = Metabolic study day after 5 days of supplementation (Day 5) AE= Metabolic Study day after acute aerobic exercise (Day 6) AE + MCT = Metabolic Study day after 5 days of aerobic exercise and mct supplementation (Day 11)