Improving the Quality of Care for Asthma Patients at Risk of Exacerbations
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- PARTICS using a single ICS add on
- Conditions
- Not specified
- Sponsor
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Enrollment
- 4100
- Locations
- 6
- Primary Endpoint
- Exacerbations
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Last Updated
- last month
Overview
Brief Summary
The goal of this trial test two known effective asthma strategies. Treatment guidelines recommend combination therapy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) inhaled medications. This strategy is known as MART (maintenance and reliever therapy). The second strategy is PARTICS (patient activated reliever triggered ICS) strategy instructs patients to use an ICS metered dose inhaler (ICS) each time they use their rescue inhaler. In addition, they are instructed to take 5 puffs of the ICS after each rescue nebulizer use. PARTICS has been shown to reduce exacerbations, increase asthma control and quality of life, however, the question remains if PARTICS is as effective as MART and therefore be an alternative to MART. This trial will test PARTICS and MART head-to-head.
The trial will include adults with moderate-to-severe asthma at risk for an asthma exacerbation, currently using a combination ICS.
The main questions aim to answer:
- Is PARTICS as effective as SMART?
- Might PARTICS be more effective than SMART? Is the relative effectiveness of PARTICS versus SMART affected by frequent nebulizer use for asthma relief?
- Do PARTICS and SMART diverge in terms of their effectiveness on differing asthma outcomes important to patients?
- Do socioeconomic factors affect the relative effectiveness of PARTICS and SMART? Researchers will compare non frequent nebulizer (NFN) users - less than once a week to frequent nebulizer users - once a week or more, to assess whether the PARTICS strategy is ono-inferior (or superior to the MART strategy in reducing exacerbations, (primary outcome), increasing asthma control and quality of life and decrease days lost from work/school or usual activities.
Most participants will be consented, enrolled, and randomized virtually, others will be consented, enrolled and randomized in person. Once randomized they will be instructed on how to use the prescribed medication:
- Participants randomized to MART will be instructed to use the prescribed ICS/LABA for maintenance and as needed for rescue.
- Participants randomized to PARTICS will be instructed to use the prescribed ICS each time they use their rescue inhaler and take 5 puffs of the newly prescribed ICS after each rescue nebulizer use.
- Participants will be followed for 16 months by monthly survey.
Detailed Description
Asthma affects 25 million people in the USA with a disproportionate effect on African American/Black (AA/B) and Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) patients. Inhaled corticosteroids are the backbone of asthma therapy. A so-called SMART (Single Maintenance And Reliever Therapy) approach to ICS therapy has been recommended by US and international guidelines for patients with moderate to severe asthma, because it has been shown in multiple studies to reduce asthma exacerbations. However, these studies have been explanatory, with narrow entry criteria, have only been performed ex- US (with a formulation not available in the US), and have not included significant numbers of AA/B and H/L patients. Further, there are significant barriers to implementation which include those related to patient patterns of concomitant medication use and beliefs. In a PCORI-funded pragmatic study in 1200 AA/B and H/L patients with asthma, designed with patient partners, we studied an alternative approach we call PARTICS (Patient Activated Reliever Triggered ICS). We reported, in this study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2022, that we not only reduced asthma exacerbations, we also improved other outcomes important to patients including asthma control, quality of life and days lost from school, work or usual activities. Our patient advisors have published on their positive experience and other advisors have collaborated with us to publish 9 additional papers which include such topics as an exploration of how socioeconomic factors affect asthma outcomes and how to simply identify patients at risk for asthma exacerbations, among additional topics. Both SMART and PARTICS have advantages and drawbacks. As seen in letters of support from the heads of the US and international guidelines for asthma treatment committees, the lack of direct comparison between the two represents a major gap in knowledge required to formulate best-care practice recommendations. Specifically, it is unclear as to what degree one approach can substitute for the other and whether they differentially affect distinct domains of asthma outcomes. In collaboration with our advisors, we therefore propose iCARE (Improving the Quality of Care for Asthma patients at Risk of Exacerbations), a large pragmatic study to directly compare SMART to PARTICS in diverse populations and across multiple domains. The study results, regardless of outcome, will help guide the approach to patient-centered asthma care.
Investigators
Elliot Israel, MD
Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Gloria M. and Anthony C. Simboli Distinguished Chair in Asthma Research Director of Clinical Research Pulmonary and Critical Care Division Allergy and Immunology Brigham & Women's Hospital
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Clinician diagnosis of asthma for ≥1 year;
- •Age at enrollment--18-75 years old inclusive;
- •One or more AEXs that occurred \< 12 months prior to enrollment. An AEX is defined as an asthma deterioration that either requires 72 hours or more of an oral or parenteral steroids OR a hospital stay for more than 24 hours for asthma. In the case of patients on biologics for asthma, the exacerbation must have also occurred after at least 6 months of biologic therapy;
- •Currently prescribed an ICS/LABA containing preparation containing at least the lowest dose of ICS described in Table 2 as regular daily maintenance therapy for at least one month;
- •Has a rescue SABA containing inhaler that they have used on average at least once a month.
- •Able to provide consent in English for the feasibility study or in English or Spanish for the full study.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Life expectancy \<2 years;
- •COPD diagnosis unless: a) they were a never smoker; OR b) former smoker with normal pulmonary function tests (PFT; FEV1/FVC ratio of \>70%); OR c) current smoker with normal PFTs within 24 months of enrollment; OR d) current or former smoker with obstruction on PFTs (FEV1/FVC ratio of \<70% but who demonstrates BOTH \>12% acute bronchodilator reversibility AND a normal diffusing capacity both within 24 months of enrollment (criteria successfully used in PREPARE);
- •Use of single inhaler product that contains an ICS, LAMA and LABA or one containing both LABA and LAMA within 1 month of enrollment;
- •Use of current biologic for less than 6 months;
- •Known allergy to any of the components of the intervention;
- •Coexisting lung disease (e.g. Cystic Fibrosis, connective tissue disease (unless asthma preceded diagnosis of connective tissue disease by at least 2 years), prematurity-born at 32 weeks or sooner, organ transplantation, bronchiectasis, sarcoid, and obliterative bronchiolitis, among others)
- •Has been in an asthma drug treatment trial in past 60 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, prior to study visit.
- •Living in household with someone already enrolled in the study.
- •Using daily or every other day oral corticosteroids for asthma or any other condition
- •An AEX in the prior 4 weeks
Arms & Interventions
PARTICS - Non Frequent Nebulizer Users
Participants who use a nebulizer less than once a week are Non Frequent Nebulizer (NFN) Users. Adding the PARTICS strategy - Patient Activated Reliever-Triggered Inhaled CorticoSteroid (PARTICS). Patient will use inhaled corticosteroid at time of reliever inhaler or after reliever nebulizer use.
Intervention: PARTICS using a single ICS add on
PARTICS - Frequent Nebulizer User
Participants who use a nebulizer once a week or more are "Frequent Nebulizer Users". Addition of the PARTICS strategy - Patient Activated Reliever-Triggered Inhaled CorticoSteroid (PARTICS). Patient will use inhaled corticosteroid at time of rescue inhaler or rescue nebulizer use
Intervention: PARTICS using a single ICS add on
MART (non frequent nebulizer users) - MART strategy - Maintenance and Reliever Therapy
Participants who use a nebulizer less than once a week are Non Frequent Nebulizer (NFN) Users. MART strategy is a ICS/LABA combination therapy for maintenance and relief.
Intervention: MART
MART (frequent nebulizer users)
Participants who use a nebulizer once a week or more are Frequent Nebulizer Users. MART strategy is a ICS/LABA combination therapy for maintenance and relief.
Intervention: MART
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Exacerbations
Time Frame: Exacerbation information will be collected via monthly survey for 16 months.
The primary outcome is annualized rate of asthma exacerbations, defined as 72 hours of parenteral or oral corticosteroids to treat asthma symptoms or an asthma related-hospitalization. Participants are asked on their monthly surveys if they have had an exacerbation requiring at least 3 days of oral steroids or a hospitalization. If the participant answers yes to these questions, the clinical coordinating center contacts the site study coordinator to confirm an exacerbation in the patients EHR. If there is no record of an exacerbation in the EHR, the CCC contacts the patient for details. The information is entered into an exacerbation database and is reviewed separately by two investigators. If they are in agreement, the outcome is recorded (exacerbation yes or exacerbation no). If they do not agree or are unable to definitively determine if the patient had an exacerbation or not, the information goes to the adjudication committee of 3 for determination.
Secondary Outcomes
- Asthma Control over time(Monthly for 16 months)
- Asthma Symptom Utility Index (ASUI), Preference based quality of life(Monthly for 16 months)
- Days Lost Per Year From School/Work or Usual Activities(Monthly for 16 months)