Study of Triheptanoin for Treatment of Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorder

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) Deficiency
Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein (TFP) Deficiency
Long-chain 3 hydroxyacylCoA Dehydrogenase (LCHAD) Deficiency
Very Long-chain acylCoA Dehydrogenase (VLCAD) Deficiency

Interventions: Drug: Triheptanoin

Registration Number: NCT01379625

Lead Sponsor: Oregon Health and Science University

Brief Summary: Humans eat long-chain fat in their diet and use it for energy during exercise and during periods of fasting. Patients with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders cannot use dietary fat for energy. They sometimes develop muscle breakdown, and severe pain with exercise or illness. They can also develop a heart that does not function properly. These patients are tired and expend less energy than people who do not have a long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorder. However, they can use a supplement oil called medium chain triglyceride or MCT. This study will determine if a new experimental oil called Triheptanoin can decrease the muscle pain and increase the heart function and the amount of energy in patients with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders. Funding source - FDA's OOPD

Detailed Description: Recruitment: Patients with a long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorder will be recruited through our clinic, past research participants, a patient support website, and recruitment letters mailed to physicians around the US. We will enroll 16 subjects at OHSU and 16 subjects at the University of Pittsburgh, age 7 to 40, with a disorder in fatty acid oxidation.

Procedures: Subjects will be admitted to the clinical research center for 4 days. They will collect all their urine for 24 hours. Heart function will be measured using ultrasound an electrocardiogram (ECG). The motion of the heart will be measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For this test, the patient lies in the magnetic field of the MRI machine in the Advanced Imaging Resource Center (AIRC) for about 45 minutes. The amount of muscle and fat in the whole body and inside the liver and muscle will be measured by MRS and by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Subjects will walk on a treadmill for about 45 minutes. The amount of Calories they use, their heart rate, and if they burn fat or carbohydrates will be measured. Blood samples will be collected before and after exercise. A meal test will be used to determine how much fat they burn. The subjects will drink a liquid breakfast with a stable isotope labeled fat in the breakfast. Breath and blood samples will be collected before and after the meal. The amount Calories burned by each subject will be measured when they are at rest on a bed by indirect calorimetry. The amount of Calories burned by subjects when they are doing their routine daily activities will be measured at home by doubly labeled water. All of these tests will be done at baseline. Then, subjects will be randomly assigned to consume MCT (current standard of care) or triheptanoin at 20% of their estimated Calorie needs for 4 months. The subject and/or the parent will be taught how to use the supplement oil in their diet for cooking and baking. The subject will be sent home and the oil will be shipped to their home. The study coordinator will call the subject or subject's guardian each week to monitor the subject's diet, potential side effects and assist with diet planning. At the end of 4 months, all of the baseline tests will be repeated.

Triheptanoin is experimental oil. It is a clear, odorless oil that can be mixed with foods and used in cooking. Almost all oils are made from even chains of carbon molecules. Triheptanoin is different because the carbon chains are odd in number. The co-investigator of this study at the University of Pittsburgh, Dr. Jerry Vockely, holds an IND for the prescription, and use of triheptanoin in humans (IND 106011).

Data Analysis: The change in exercise ability, heart function, Calories used and body fat after 4 months will be compared between subjects randomized to MCT versus triheptanoin.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 32

Inclusion Criteria

Confirmed diagnosis of Very long-chain acylCoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) Deficiency, Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) Deficiency, Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein (TFP) Deficiency, or Long-chain 3 hydroxyacylCoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency
> 7 years
Ability to travel to CRC to participate
Ability to follow protocol

Exclusion Criteria

Hgb < 10 g/dl
Peripheral neuropathy that limits ability to complete treadmill studies
Inclusion in another research study that alters macronutrient intake
Pregnant females
history of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular disease

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Triheptanoin	Triheptanoin	Subject randomized to consume 20% of energy from triheptanoin.
Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT)	Triheptanoin	Subjects randomized to consume 20% of energy from MCT

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Energy Expenditure	change from baseline after 4 months of treatment	Total energy expenditure will be measured by doubly labeled water and resting energy expenditure will be measured by indirect calorimetry at baseline and again after 4 months of either MCT or trihpetanoin treatment.
Ejection Fraction	4 months	Change in resting ejection fraction over 4 month treatment period

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Exercise Heart Rate	change from baseline to 4 months of treatment	Subjects will complete a submaximal treadmill exercise study at baseline. Exercise heart heart, ventilation and perceived exertion will be measured. Subjects will be randomized to MCT or triheptanoin supplementation for 4 months. At the end of treatment, the exercise test will be repeated keeping work performed constant. Change in exercise heart rate, ventilation and exertion will be compared between groups.

Trial Locations

Locations (2): Oregon Health & Science University
🇺🇸
Portland, Oregon, United States
University of Pittsburgh
🇺🇸
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States