Combined Effects of Buteyko Breathing Technique and Chest Wall Mobilization on Pulmonary Functions and Quality of Life

Not Applicable

Recruiting

Interventions: Other: Buteyko breathing technique
Other: Chest Wall Mobilization

Brief Summary: The study aims to evaluate the effects of Buteyko breathing techniques with and without chest wall mobilization on pulmonary functions, and quality of life in chronic smokers. The study design will be a randomized clinical trial. The study will be completed in 10 months after the approval of the synopsis from the Ethical Committee of RCRS \& AHS. A non-probability convenient sampling technique will be used to recruit the individuals. Group 1-Buteyko breathing technique + Chest Wall Mobilization and Group 2-Buteyko Breathing Technique + Without Chest Wall Mobilization

Detailed Description: This randomized clinical trial will evaluate the combined effect of the Buteyko breathing technique and chest wall mobilization on pulmonary functions and quality of life in chronic smokers. A sample size of 40 is calculated through a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Participants will be recruited into Group 1 and Group 2 by lottery method (without replacement). Group 1 will be engaged in the Buteyko breathing technique + Chest Wall Mobilization and Group 2 will undergo Buteyko Breathing Technique + Without Chest Wall Mobilization. Pre and post-outcome measures of pulmonary functions will be measured through a digital spirometer and quality of life will be assessed by the St George Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Spirometry assesses the amount and speed of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Key measurements include Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): The maximum volume of air forcefully exhaled after a full inhalation. Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1): The volume of air exhaled in the first second of the FVC test, indicates how quickly the lungs can be emptied.

St Saint Georg quality of life questionnaire for assessing the QOL. The SGRQ is a standardized self-administered airway disease-specific questionnaire divided into 2 subscales, a total of 12 questions. For each subscale and the overall questionnaire, scores range from zero (no impairment) to 100 (maximum impairment).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Both male and female participants were included
The age of participants was 40 -55 years.
Individuals who fulfilled the criteria of smoking which is calculated by multiplying the number of packs smoked per day by the number of years smoked were included.
Individuals who are current smokers or history of long-term smoking were included.
Predicted values FEV1 < 75% and FEV1/FVC <70%

Exclusion Criteria

Participants with neurological disorders were excluded
Participants with musculoskeletal disorders were excluded as it affects the physical activity of the 6-minute walk test.
Participants having any pulmonary complications or lung disease were excluded.
Participants previously involved in any other exercise or physical activity were excluded.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Buteyko breathing technique, Chest wall mobilization	Buteyko breathing technique	Deep breathing exercises for 5 minutes. After the 5-minute resting interval Buteyko breathing technique and chest wall mobilization of 5 minutes Chest wall mobilization with 8-10 repetitions. Total time duration will be 30 minutes. 2 sessions per week
Buteyko breathing technique	Buteyko breathing technique	Deep breathing for 5 minutes as a baseline Buteyko technique of 2 sets of 8-10 repetitions for 2 days a week. Chest wall mobilization will not be included in Group 2. Repeat the breathing cycle for 5-10 minutes, 2-3 times a day. Total time duration will be 30 minutes.
Buteyko breathing technique, Chest wall mobilization	Chest Wall Mobilization	Deep breathing exercises for 5 minutes. After the 5-minute resting interval Buteyko breathing technique and chest wall mobilization of 5 minutes Chest wall mobilization with 8-10 repetitions. Total time duration will be 30 minutes. 2 sessions per week

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
FVC(Forced Vital Capacity)	Pre and Post after 1 week	Pulmonary Function Test using Digital Spirometer. the amount of air expelled during the first second of the forced ventilation test (FVC), which measures how rapidly the lungs can empty.
FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume per second)	Pre and Post after 1 week	Pulmonary Function Test using Digital Spirometer. • Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after taking a complete breath.
St George Questionnaire	Pre and Post after 1 week	To assess the Quality of Life. The total questionnaire score is 100 (highest impairment) while the subscale values range from zero (no impairment)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Locations (1): University of Lahore Teaching Hospital
🇵🇰
Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan