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Liraglutide in Preventing Delirium in Diabetic Elderly After Cardiac Surgery

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Delirium, Postoperative
Interventions
Drug: Placebo injection
Registration Number
NCT06361238
Lead Sponsor
The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
Brief Summary

This study aims to clarify the preventive effect of perioperative liraglutide application on postoperative delirium in elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes undergoing cardiac surgery.

Detailed Description

Delirium is the most prevalent neurological complication following cardiac surgery. It is characterized by an acute and fluctuating disturbance in consciousness, attention, and cognitive function. The incidence of delirium post-cardiac surgery ranges between 11% and 46%. It is closely linked to increased postoperative mortality, extended hospital stays, higher healthcare costs, and long-term cognitive impairment. Currently, it is widely recognized that the development of delirium is influenced by multiple factors, including advanced age, diabetes, surgical and anesthetic techniques, depression, baseline cognitive function, and infections, among others.

Inflammatory responses, crucial for protecting against external or internal threats, can, following surgery, lead to neuroinflammation and neurological damage due to elevated postoperative inflammatory markers and blood-brain barrier disruption. The involvement of microglia and astrocytes, key players in the central nervous system's immune response, has been identified in mediating postoperative delirium, making them potential targets for prevention.

Liraglutide, a Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist primarily used for treating Type 2 diabetes, has shown promise in mitigating neurocognitive damage associated with diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting its potential in preventing postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients with Type 2 diabetes. Preliminary animal studies and a randomized controlled trial indicate that perioperative liraglutide application could reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium by inhibiting glial activation and the subsequent neuroinflammatory response. However, differences in patient demographics, disease severity, and dosing in previous studies highlight the need for further investigation.

The study aims to investigate whether the perioperative administration of liraglutide can prevent the onset of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes undergoing cardiac surgery. Secondary objectives include assessing the impact on the severity and duration of delirium, cognitive function, anxiety, depression, cardiac function, cardiovascular events, ICU stay, mechanical ventilation duration, and levels of serum markers for brain injury, inflammation, myocardial damage, and cardiac function.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
260
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Age ≥ 60 years
  2. Type 2 diabetes
  3. Patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery
Exclusion Criteria
  1. History of neurological or psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, severe dementia, etc
  2. Patients with communication difficulties, such as severe visual, auditory, or speech impairments
  3. History of central nervous system damage or surgery
  4. Cardiac function NYHA Class IV
  5. Severe liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh Class C)
  6. Severe renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy
  7. History of pancreatitis
  8. Type 1 diabetes
  9. Patients whose blood sugar is difficult to control within 4-8 mmol/L during the screening period
  10. Patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma or a family history of it
  11. Pregnant or breastfeeding women
  12. Intolerance or allergy to liraglutide
  13. Previous use of GLP-1A and SGLT2i
  14. Patients who refuse to sign the informed consent

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Liraglutide GroupLiraglutide injectionSubcutaneous injection of liraglutide
Vehicle GroupPlacebo injectionSubcutaneous injection of vehicle
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The incidence of deliriumOne day before surgery and within the first seven days after surgery.

Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), or its variant for the Intensive Care Unit, known as CAM-ICU, is the tool used to assess the incidence of delirium. For CAM, the scale ranges from a minimum value of 11 to a maximum of 44, with higher scores indicating a worse outcome. In contrast, CAM-ICU does not utilize a numerical scale; it is a qualitative assessment designed to evaluate confusion without assigning specific values.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Serum levels of CRPOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

The severity of deliriumOne day before surgery and within the first seven days after surgery.

The CAM-Severity Scale (CAM-S), available in both short-form and long-form versions, serves as a tool for assessing the severity of delirium. The scale extends from 0 to 7 in its short-form and from 0 to 19 in its long-form. Higher scores on the CAM-S are indicative of more severe outcomes.

Duration of ICU stayThe time from transfer into the ICU to discharge from the ICU, assessed up to 12months.

By retrieving the Hospital Information System and ICU special care sheet

Mechanical ventilation timeThe time from tracheal intubation to the removal of the tracheal tube, assessed up to 12months.

By retrieving the Hospital Information System and ICU special care sheet

Duration of hospital stayThe time from hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 12months.

By retrieving the Hospital Information System

Cognitive functionOne day before surgery; one week after surgery or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE) is the tool used to assess cognitive function. The scale extends from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating a better outcome.

AnxietyOne day before surgery; one week after surgery or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

Generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) is the tool used to assess anxiety. The scale extends from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating a worse outcome.

DepressionOne day before surgery; one week after surgery or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is the tool used to assess depression. The scale extends from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating a worse outcome.

In-hospital mortalityThe time from hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 12months.

By retrieving the Hospital Information System

Incidence of adverse eventsOne day preoperatively to three days Postoperatively.

By retrieving the Hospital Information System, ICU special care sheet and follow-up

Rate of major cardiovascular adverse eventsWithin 1 year post-surgery (including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke)

By retrieving the Hospital Information System, ICU special care sheet and follow-up

Serum levels of NSEOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of IL-1αOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of TNF-αOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of BNPOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of C3One day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of LDHOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of CKOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of CK-MBOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of ASTOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of cTNTOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of C1qOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Left Ventricular End-Systolic Diameter (LVDs)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the LVDs.

Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Dimension (LVDd)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the LVDd.

Early Diastolic Velocity/Atrial Diastolic Velocity (E/A)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the E/A.

Serum levels of IL-1βOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of IL-6One day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Serum levels of S100βOne day preoperatively; immediately after admission to ICU; 3 days and 7 days postoperatively

ELISA

Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness in Diastole (LVPWTd)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the LVPWTd.

Left Atrial Diameter (LAD)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the LAD.

Ejection Fraction (EF)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the EF.

Fractional Shortening (FS)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the FS.

Interventricular Septum Thickness in Diastolic (IVSTd)One day preoperatively; One week postoperatively or at the date of discharge; and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

The echocardiography is used to assess the IVSTd.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Wenxue liu

🇨🇳

Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

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