A Phase III Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Radiosurgery With Versus Without Whole Brain Radiotherapy for 1-3 Newly Diagnosed Brain Metastases
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
- Enrollment
- 152
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Cognitive Decline
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if your thinking ability (cognitive function) will be better preserved by delivering whole brain radiation therapy immediately after radiosurgical treatment of 1-3 brain metastases or to carefully observe patients after radiosurgery and hold back whole brain radiation therapy until the disease comes back.
Detailed Description
Before treatment starts, patients will have a complete history (including details of previous chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery for systemic disease). Patients will have a complete neuropsychological exam and will have their Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) figured out. Seven cognitive function tests and a quality of life (QOL) questionnaire will be given to the patients as well. It will take about 40 minutes to complete the QOL questionnaire.
Patients in this study will be randomly picked (as in the toss of a coin) to be in one of two treatment groups. Patients in one group will receive immediate whole brain radiation therapy. Patients in the other group will hold off on radiation and just be closely observed. There is an equal chance of being in either group.
All patients will receive radiosurgery treatment to the known metastases (1-3 lesions) at the beginning. All participants will be followed with serial diagnostic and functional MRI. Experimental functional imaging will be used to evaluate short-term memory and picture recognition as well as blood flow within the brain.
Formal neuropsychological testing will also be performed at each follow-up interval. Patients must come back at 4 months for neuropsychological testing. Patients will be seen for follow-up with neuropsychological evaluation, as well as diagnostic/function MRI at 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 15 , and 18 months and then every six months from then on. Each visit will require about 40 minutes of time.
Cost information related to protocol treatment and subsequent therapies will be tracked and collected for cost analysis between the two treatment groups.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •age 18 and older at time of registration. 2) recursive partitioning class (RPA) I or II. 3) 1 to 3 newly diagnosed brain metastases 4) must be eligible to have all lesions treated by SRS as determined by the radiation oncologist on the basis of location and size. 5)MRI with contrast must be performed with 1 month of registration. 6)Signed informed consent form approved by the IRB agreeing to randomization .
Exclusion Criteria
- •prior WBRT 2) prior resection of brain metastasis, SRS or Gamma knife. 3) > 3 brain metastases present on MRI 4) lymphoma, small cell lung cancer, leukemia, germ cell tumors. 5) leptomeningeal disease. 6) unknown primary.7) RPA Class III (i.e. KPS < 70) 8) pregnancy.
- •Post-entry exclusion: No post-entry exclusions will be allowed after registration has occurred. All randomized patients will be included in the analysis and those lost to follow-up will be assigned the least favorable outcome (recurrence, death).
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Cognitive Decline
Time Frame: 4 months
Cognitive decline objectively measured by significant deterioration in HVLT-R LEARN at 4 months (i.e., a drop by at least 5 points compared to baseline). Difference between pretreatment baseline score and follow-up assessment scores determined by using the reliable change index (RCI).
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported