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A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Alefacept in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Kidney Transplantation
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT00543569
Lead Sponsor
Astellas Pharma Inc
Brief Summary

A study to assess the safety and efficacy of Alefacept in de novo kidney transplant patients.

Detailed Description

This is a 4 arm (all active) study to determine the safety and efficacy of Alefacept in de novo kidney transplant recipients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
323
Inclusion Criteria
  • Subject is anticipated to receive first oral dose of tacrolimus within 48 hours of transplant procedure
  • Subject is a recipient of a de novo kidney transplant
  • Subject is a recipient of a kidney from a non-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identical related living donor, a non-related living donor, or a deceased donor
Exclusion Criteria
  • Subject has a screening (pre-operative)estimated cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ T-cell count of < 250 cells/µL

  • Subject will receive a kidney with an anticipated cold ischemia time (CIT) of > 30 hours

  • Recipient has a positive T or B-cell cross match by investigational site's standard method of determination

  • Subject will receive a kidney from a 50-65 year old deceased donor with one of the following:

    • History of hypertension and a terminal serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL
    • Cerebrovascular accident as cause of death and a terminal serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL
    • History of hypertension and cerebrovascular accident as cause of death and a terminal serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Tacrolimus/MMF/Basiliximabmycophenolate mofetilParticipants received tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 750 or 1000 mg twice daily (BID), basiliximab administered as a 20 mg bolus injection 2 hours prior to transplantation on Day 0 and a 20 mg bolus injection on Day 3 and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Tacrolimus/MMF/BasiliximabCorticosteroidsParticipants received tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 750 or 1000 mg twice daily (BID), basiliximab administered as a 20 mg bolus injection 2 hours prior to transplantation on Day 0 and a 20 mg bolus injection on Day 3 and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/TacrolimusCorticosteroidsParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QOW/Tacrolimus/MMFCorticosteroidsParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 30 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/Tacrolimus/MMFmycophenolate mofetilParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg intravenous (IV) bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly (QW) for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/Tacrolimus/MMFCorticosteroidsParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg intravenous (IV) bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly (QW) for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Tacrolimus/MMF/BasiliximabtacrolimusParticipants received tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 750 or 1000 mg twice daily (BID), basiliximab administered as a 20 mg bolus injection 2 hours prior to transplantation on Day 0 and a 20 mg bolus injection on Day 3 and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/Tacrolimus/MMFAlefaceptParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg intravenous (IV) bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly (QW) for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/Tacrolimus/MMFtacrolimusParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg intravenous (IV) bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly (QW) for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/TacrolimustacrolimusParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QOW/Tacrolimus/MMFtacrolimusParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 30 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QOW/Tacrolimus/MMFmycophenolate mofetilParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 30 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Tacrolimus/MMF/BasiliximabbasiliximabParticipants received tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 750 or 1000 mg twice daily (BID), basiliximab administered as a 20 mg bolus injection 2 hours prior to transplantation on Day 0 and a 20 mg bolus injection on Day 3 and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QW/TacrolimusAlefaceptParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 15 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.20 mg/kg/day, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Alefacept QOW/Tacrolimus/MMFAlefaceptParticipants received alefacept administered as a 7.5 mg IV bolus on Days 0 and 3; 30 mg subcutaneously on Day 7 then weekly for 12 weeks, then 15 mg subcutaneously monthly until the end of month 6, in addition to tacrolimus at a starting dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day, MMF 750 or 1000 mg BID, and tapered corticosteroids for 6 months.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants With Biopsy-confirmed Acute Rejection (BCAR) at Month 6 Assessed by Local Review6 months

Rejection episodes were confirmed by biopsy by the clinical site pathologist. Biopsies were graded according to the 2005 Banff criteria. All biopsies (T-cell and/or antibody mediated) of grade 1 or higher were considered a BCAR.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Day 182 was used for the analyses at 6 months. Lost to follow-up or patients with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants With BCAR at Month 12 Assessed by Local Review12 months

Rejection episodes were confirmed by biopsy by the clinical site pathologist. Biopsies were graded according to the 2005 Banff criteria. All biopsies (T-cell and/or antibody mediated) of grade 1 or higher were considered a BCAR.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Day 365 was used for the analyses at 12 months. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Graft Survival at Month 6 and Month 126 months and 12 months

Graft survival was defined as any participant who was known to have a functioning graft (i.e., not graft loss) at 6 months and 12 months after the skin closure date. Graft loss was defined as patient death, retransplant, permanent return to dialysis (dialysis greater than 30 days) or transplant nephrectomy.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Days 182 and 365 were used for the analyses at 6 months and 12 months respectively. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Time to First T-cell Mediated BCAR Assessed by Central Review12 months

The time to first T-cell mediated BCAR (central review) was calculated as the first biopsy date in which the central reviewer confirmed an acute rejection minus the date of skin closure +1. Only participants with a T-cell mediated BCAR are included in the analysis.

Percentage of Participants With Anti-lymphocyte-treated Rejection at Months 6 and 126 months and 12 months

Participants with histologically proved Banff Grade II or III rejection could receive anti-rejection therapy with anti-lymphocyte antibodies per institutional protocol.

The use of anti-lymphocyte antibody therapy at any time during a suspected or proven rejection episode for the treatment of acute rejection was considered an event.

Percentage of Participants With Multiple Rejection Episodes at Months 6 and 126 months and 12 months

All participants were evaluated for the incidence of multiple rejection episodes (clinically treated and/or BCAR as assessed by the local reviewer) through 6 months and 12 months.

Percentage of Participants With Efficacy Failure at 6 and 12 Months Assessed by Local Review6 months and 12 months

Efficacy failure is defined as death, graft failure (permanent return to dialysis \[\>30 days\] or retransplant), BCAR according to local review, or lost to follow-up.

Time to First BCAR Assessed by Central Review12 months

The time to first BCAR (central review) was calculated as the first biopsy date in which the central reviewer confirmed an acute rejection minus the date of skin closure +1. Only participants with a BCAR are included in the analysis.

Maximum Grade of T-cell Mediated Rejection Assessed by Local Review6 months and 12 months

The grade of acute T-cell mediated rejection was classified as IA, IB, IIA, IIB and III according to Banff 2005 criteria. If a patient had more than 1 T-cell mediated rejection, the episode with the most severe grade was used in the analysis.

Grade IA: Cases with significant interstitial infiltration (\> 25% of parenchyma affected) and foci of moderate tubulitis; Grade IB: Cases with significant interstitial infiltration (\> 25% of parenchyma affected) and foci of severe tubulitis; Grade IIA: Cases with mild to moderate intimal arteritis; Grade IIB: Cases with severe intimal arteritis comprising \>25% of the luminal area; Grade III: Cases with "transmural" arteritis and/or arterial fibrinoid change and necrosis of medial smooth muscle cells with accompanying lymphocytic inflammation.

Patient Survival at Month 6 and Month 126 months and 12 months

Patient survival is any participant who is known to be alive 6 months and 12 months after the skin closure date.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Days 182 and 365 were used for the analyses at 6 months and 12 months respectively. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Change From Week 4 in Serum Creatinine at Month 6 and 12Week 4 and Month 6 and 12
Time to First BCAR Assessed by Local Review12 months

The time to first BCAR (local review) was calculated as the first biopsy date in which the local reviewer confirmed an acute rejection minus the date of skin closure +1. Only participants with a BCAR are included in the analysis.

Maximum Grade of T-cell Mediated Rejection as Assessed by Central Review6 months and 12 months

The grade of acute T-cell mediated rejection was classified as IA, IB, IIA, IIB and III according to Banff 2005 criteria. If a patient had more than 1 T-cell mediated rejection, the episode with the most severe grade was used in the analysis.

Grade IA: Cases with significant interstitial infiltration (\> 25% of parenchyma affected) and foci of moderate tubulitis; Grade IB: Cases with significant interstitial infiltration (\> 25% of parenchyma affected) and foci of severe tubulitis; Grade IIA: Cases with mild to moderate intimal arteritis; Grade IIB: Cases with severe intimal arteritis comprising \>25% of the luminal area; Grade III: Cases with "transmural" arteritis and/or arterial fibrinoid change and necrosis of medial smooth muscle cells with accompanying lymphocytic inflammation.

Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale Scores Over TimeMonths 1, 3, 6, and 12

The impact of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms on health-related quality of life was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale Scores (GSRS). The GSRS a 15-item self-administered questionnaire that assesses the impact of gastrointestinal symptoms during the past week on a scale from 1 (no discomfort at all) to 7 (very severe discomfort). Possible overall scores range from 1 to 7, with lower scores indicating a better quality of life with respect to gastrointestinal symptoms.

Percentage of Participants With BCAR at Month 6 and 12 Assessed by Central Review6 months and 12 months

Rejection episodes were confirmed by biopsy by a central reviewer. Biopsies were graded according to the 2005 Banff criteria. All biopsies (T-cell and/or antibody mediated) of grade 1 or higher were considered a BCAR.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Days 182 and 365 were used for the analyses at 6 months and 12 months respectively. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Change From Week 4 in GFR by Iothalamate Clearance at Month 6Week 4 and Month 6

The glomerular filtration rate was measured directly using iothalamate clearance.

Percentage of Participants With Efficacy Failure at 6 and 12 Months Assessed by Central Review6 months and 12 months

Efficacy failure is defined as death, graft failure (permanent return to dialysis \[\>30 days\] or retransplant), BCAR according to central review, or lost to follow-up.

Time to First T-cell Mediated BCAR Assessed by Local Review12 months

The time to first T-cell mediated BCAR (local review) was calculated as the first biopsy date in which the local reviewer confirmed an acute rejection minus the date of skin closure +1.

Percentage of Participants With T-cell Mediated BCAR at Month 6 and 12 Assessed by Local Review6 months and 12 months

Rejection episodes were confirmed by biopsy by the clinical site pathologist. Biopsies were graded according to the 2005 Banff criteria. All biopsies of grade 1 or higher were considered a BCAR.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Days 182 and 365 were used for the analyses at 6 months and 12 months respectively. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Percentage of Participants With T-cell Mediated BCAR at Month 6 and 12 Assessed by Central Review6 months and 12 months

Rejection episodes were confirmed by biopsy by the central reviewer. Biopsies were graded according to the 2005 Banff criteria. All biopsies of grade 1 or higher were considered a BCAR.

The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Days 182 and 365 were used for the analyses at 6 months and 12 months respectively. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Change From Week 4 in Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimated by the MDRD Method at Month 6 and Month 12Week 4, Month 6 and Month 12

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) method.

Percentage of Participants With Clinically Treated Acute Rejection at Month 6 and Month 126 months and 12 months

Patients who received immunosuppressive medications for the treatment of suspected or BCAR were considered to have a clinically-treated acute rejection.

Percentage of Participants With Treatment Failure at Month 6 and 126 months and 12 months

Treatment failure was defined as death, graft loss, BCAR (local review), lost to follow-up or early discontinuation of treatment regimen. The Kaplan-Meier estimates at Days 182 and 365 were used for the analyses at 6 months and 12 months respectively. Lost to follow-up or participants with missing outcomes were censored at their last follow up visit.

Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index Score Over TimeMonths 1, 3, 6, and 12

The impact of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms on health-related quality of life was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) symptom severity score. The GIQLI is a 36-item self-administered questionnaire that assesses the impact of gastrointestinal symptoms during the past 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (all of the time) to 4 (never). Possible overall scores ranged from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating a better quality of life according to the different symptomatic criteria.

Trial Locations

Locations (38)

University of North Carolina

🇺🇸

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

University of Chicago Medical Center

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Methodist University Hospital - Memphis

🇺🇸

Memphis, Tennessee, United States

Baylor University Medical Center

🇺🇸

Dallas, Texas, United States

Loma Linda University Medical Center

🇺🇸

Loma Linda, California, United States

University of Southern California - University Hospital

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

St. Vincent/National Institute of Transplantation

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

UC Davis Medical Center

🇺🇸

Sacramento, California, United States

UCSD

🇺🇸

San Diego, California, United States

California Institute of Renal Research/Sharp Memorial Hospital

🇺🇸

San Diego, California, United States

University of California - San Francisco

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

University of Colorado Health Science Center

🇺🇸

Aurora, Colorado, United States

University of Florida, Shands Hospital, Gainesville

🇺🇸

Gainesville, Florida, United States

Medical College of Georgia, Augusta

🇺🇸

Augusta, Georgia, United States

Mayo Clinic - Jacksonville

🇺🇸

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Rush - Presbyterian - St. Lukes Medical Center

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Kentucky

🇺🇸

Lexington, Kentucky, United States

University of Illinois at Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Maryland Center

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Brigham and Women's Hospital

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

St. Barnabas Medical Center

🇺🇸

Livingston, New Jersey, United States

Buffalo General Hospital

🇺🇸

Buffalo, New York, United States

University of Michigan

🇺🇸

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Mt. Sinai School of Medicine

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Westchester Medical Center

🇺🇸

Valhalla, New York, United States

New York Presbyterian Hospital - Cornell

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Duke University Medical Center

🇺🇸

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Legacy Transplant Services

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

University Hospital of Cleveland

🇺🇸

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Oregon Health & Science University

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

Pinnacle Health at Harrisburg

🇺🇸

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States

University of Pennsylvania

🇺🇸

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Methodist Hospital Research Institute of Houston

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine

🇺🇸

Richmond, Virginia, United States

University of Wisconsin Hospital

🇺🇸

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

University of Utah Medical Center

🇺🇸

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

University of Washington Medical Center

🇺🇸

Seattle, Washington, United States

Tufts Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

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