Optimizing Lifestyle Interventions With Mindfulness-based Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 125
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- diet adherence between intervention arms as measured by 24- hour diet recall--dichotomous
研究概览
简要总结
The investigators plan an R33 phase trial in which 120 persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) will be randomized (using a 1:1 ratio) to education alone (Ed) on following a carbohydrate restricted diet for T2DM, or this same education content with added mindful eating/Mindfulness-Based Intervention components (Ed+MBI).
详细描述
The investigators will randomize 120 persons with T2DM in a 1:1 ratio to a nutrition education alone arm (Ed n=60) vs. a nutrition education with mindfulness-based intervention components (Ed+MBI n=60) arm and follow them for 12 months. The interventions will be provided in a weekly group setting, with about 10 to 12 persons per group. Some educational intervention components will be delivered using a smartphone app. After the 12-week initial intervention, the investigators will re-randomize participants using an adaptive intervention design to receive low, medium, or high intensity maintenance training, depending on level of adherence achieved during the initial intervention period. Follow-up assessments will be performed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The investigators will address the following specific aims:
- Test the hypothesis that the Ed+MBI arm will have better dietary adherence than the Ed arm.
- Test whether our proposed behavioral mechanisms (e.g. decreased eating in response to cravings or difficult emotions) predict dietary adherence.
- Obtain preliminary assessment of intervention effects on clinical outcomes
This is the second phase of a two-phase study. Pilot testing has been completed in the first phase (R61). The focus of the second phase (R33) is on comparing dietary adherence between the Ed only and ED + MBI arms over a 12-month period. This phase will also include employing an adaptive intervention design in the post-treatment phase to test optimization of the maintenance intervention (i.e. assigning maintenance intensity/dose based on how a participant is doing). The maintenance phase intensities will be assessed to provide preliminary data for planning future trials. The primary analysis focus of this phase will be on the comparing the groups formed by the initial randomization to Ed versus Ed + MBI. The investigators will use fingerstick blood ketone measures, which provide an objective measure of whether the target levels of carbohydrate restriction have been attained, as our primary adherence outcome measure. This will be supplemented by 24-hour diet recall measures of carbohydrate consumption. Important secondary outcome measures will include clinical measures such as glycosylated hemoglobin and behavioral measures such as frequency of eating in response to food cravings.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Blood tests at LabCorp and 24-hour dietary recall interviews are done by research assistants blinded to treatment assignment.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •History of T2DM mellitus.
- •HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and < 12.0% at screening.
- •Experience food-related cravings most days of the week and eat in response to these cravings regularly.
- •Aged 18 years old and older.
- •Able to engage in light physical activity.
- •Willing and able to participate in the interventions including appropriate participation in the group setting.
- •Have smartphone and are willing to use it on a regular basis for data collection.
- •Ability to speak English.
排除标准
- •Unable to provide informed consent.
- •A substance abuse, mental health, or medical condition that, in the opinion of investigators, will make it difficult for the potential participant to participate in the intervention, that may need immediate changes in medical management that will affect study outcome measures, or that may require important adaptations in the study diet.
- •Pregnant or planning to get pregnant in the next 12 months, breastfeeding or less than 6 months post-partum.
- •Current use of weight loss medications, such as Alli or amphetamine-based drugs that may affect weight.
- •Planned or history of weight-loss (bariatric) surgery, or other intestinal surgeries that cause malabsorption. These are likely to change study outcome measures, making it difficult to distinguish the effects of the intervention program, or require extensive tailoring of the diet intervention.
- •Currently enrolled in a weight loss program, such as Weight Watchers or a self-help group such as Overeaters Anonymous, or have unalterable plans to enroll in one of these programs in the next year; using a ketogenic low carbohydrate diet in the past 6 months with advice from a health care professional; or use of a mindful eating program with guidance from a professional in the past 6 months or have ever used the study mindful-eating app.
- •Vegan or vegetarian.
- •Unwilling to do regular blood testing at home for glucose or ketone monitoring.
研究组 & 干预措施
Diet Education
All participants will receive instruction in the Carbohydrate-Restricted (CR) diet and basic behavioral strategies in weekly, in-person, group sessions for 3 months. The study diet has approximately 10% of kcal coming from carbohydrate, typically 50 grams/day or fewer, not including fiber. Participants will be encouraged to eat a normal amount of protein, typically about 80-100 grams/day (about 20-25% of calories), and the rest of their calories from fat.
干预措施: Carbohydrate-restricted diet (Behavioral)
Diet Education + Mindfulness
In addition to the diet components described above, participants randomized to the Education + Mindfulness (Ed+MBI) group will receive MBI components using the Eat Right Now (ERN) platform. This will consist of two integrated components: 1) use of the ERN app at home, during the week, to learn and practice mindfulness skills for food-cravings and eating, and 2) in-person group-based discussions of how the mindful eating practices are going, trouble-shooting obstacles/pain points, and doing group exercises and reflecting on them.
干预措施: Carbohydrate-restricted diet (Behavioral)
Diet Education + Mindfulness
In addition to the diet components described above, participants randomized to the Education + Mindfulness (Ed+MBI) group will receive MBI components using the Eat Right Now (ERN) platform. This will consist of two integrated components: 1) use of the ERN app at home, during the week, to learn and practice mindfulness skills for food-cravings and eating, and 2) in-person group-based discussions of how the mindful eating practices are going, trouble-shooting obstacles/pain points, and doing group exercises and reflecting on them.
干预措施: Mindfuless (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
diet adherence between intervention arms as measured by 24- hour diet recall--dichotomous
时间窗: from 3 to 12 months
proportion of participants consuming \< 50 grams/day of non-fiber carbohydrate (from 24-hour diet recall)
diet adherence between intervention arms as measured by ketones
时间窗: measures from ketone measure initiation (week 5) to 12 months
proportion of ketone measures dichotomized as \> or = 0.3 mmol/L versus \< 0.3
次要结局
- emotion-related eating(change from baseline to 12 months)
- frequency of eating in response to cravings(change from baseline to 12 months)
- diet adherence between intervention arms as measured by 24- hour diet recall--total carbs, continuous(from 3 to 12 months)
- executive functioning /decreased impulsivity--Relative Reinforcing Value of Food (RRVF)(change from baseline to 12 months)
- Weight change(change from baseline to 12 months)
- dietary resilience (resumption of dietary adherence) after dietary non-adherence occurs(12 months)
- Glycemic control--a1c(change from baseline to 12 months)
- executive functioning /decreased impulsivity-Delayed Discounting(change from baseline to 12 months)
- Salzburg Stress Eating Scale(change from baseline to 12 months)