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Metabolic Effects of a Caloric Restriction High/Low Glycemic Index Diet Plus Metformin in Overweight/Obese Subjects

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Obesity
Interventions
Other: Glycemic Index Diets and Metformin hydrochloride
Registration Number
NCT01460797
Lead Sponsor
Caio Eduardo Gonçalves Reis
Brief Summary

The prevalence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically worldwide. Research on Glycemic Index (GI) diets has been largely developed, however the combination with metformin in humans was not investigated yet. We hypothesized that the low-GI diet in combination with metformin would elicit greater improvements on glucose metabolism, lipid profile and body composition on overweight or obese type 1 subjects. This study aims to evaluate the metabolic effects of the adoption of dietary advice to follow caloric restriction high/low GI diets, and low-GI diet associated with metformin on glucose metabolism, lipid profile and body composition on overweight or obese type 1 subjects.

Detailed Description

All groups (Low/High-GI and Low-GI + Metformin) showed significant reduction in anthropometric parameters, but only Low-GI and Low-GI + Metformin groups have an improvement in body composition parameters. In addition, the Low-GI group achieved better results in metabolism of carbohydrates (glucose, insulin, Cederholm Index, and HOMA-β) and lipids (Chol, TAG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TC/HDL-c). These results show the benefits of Low-GI diet on metabolic parameters in overweight or obese type 1 subjects.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
41
Inclusion Criteria
  • Participants were adults (18-50 y), with body mass index (BMI) between 25-35 kg/m².
  • Subjects with adequate glycemic and insulinemic response after oral glucose tolerance test: Hypocaloric diet with predominating high glycemic index foods;
  • Subjects with altered glycemic response presented at the 120 min point either glycemia <140mg/dL and insulin level >40 µUI/ml: Hypocaloric diet with predominant low glycemic index foods;
  • Subjects with impaired glucose tolerance presented at the 120 min point glycemia 140 - 199mg/dL and insulin >40 µUI/ml: Hypocaloric diet with predominant low glycemic index foods and metformin.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Smokers
  • Pregnant or lactating
  • Diagnosis of any metabolic diseases
  • Were under medication and therapeutic diet, except oral contraceptive for women.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
High Glycemic IndexGlycemic Index Diets and Metformin hydrochlorideHypocaloric diet with predominating high glycemic index foods
Low Glycemic IndexGlycemic Index Diets and Metformin hydrochlorideHypocaloric diet with predominant low glycemic index foods
Low Glycemic Index plus MetforminGlycemic Index Diets and Metformin hydrochlorideHypocaloric diet with predominant low glycemic index foods plus Metformin (1g/d)
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Glucose Metabolism0 and 4 months

2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (Glucose and Insulin levels), glucose and insulin IAUC, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and Cederholm Index.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Lipid Profile0 and 4 months

Cholesterol, TAG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, HDL-c, and Cholesterol/HDL-c ratio

Body Composition0 and 4 months

Body weight, Height, Body mass index, Body fat mass, Free fat body mass, Waist circumference.

Clinical Assessment0 and 4 months

FSH hormone, urea, creatinine, and uric acid urinary levels

Food Intake0 and 4 months

Energy intake, macronutrients and fiber consumption

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília

🇧🇷

Brasília, DF, Brazil

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