Diaphragmatic Breathing During Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Aviophobia: Functional Coping Strategy or Avoidance Behavior? A Pilot Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 30
- 主要终点
- Change in FFS (Fear of Flying Scale) scores
研究概览
简要总结
The study investigated the effect of diaphragmatic breathing as an additional coping strategy during Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy in patients with aviophobia. The authors assumed that diaphragmatic breathing (DB) would lead to less fear and physiological arousal during the VRET and to an enhanced treatment outcome
详细描述
Patients with aviophobia received treatment in Virtual Reality with or without DB. The authors assumed that adding DB to VRET would enhance treatment effects by reducing fear during exposure, thus improving the processing of the feared situation. The authors hypothesized that, as a result, self-efficacy would be increased in comparison to VRET alone.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 20 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •age 20 to 65
- •flying experience
- •subjective rating of fear of flying > 60 from 100
排除标准
- •pregnancy
- •heart disease
- •current involvement in psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy
结局指标
主要结局
Change in FFS (Fear of Flying Scale) scores
时间窗: immediately before the exposure session, immediately after the exposure session, immediately before the test session (which took place one week after the exposure session), immediately after the test session, in a follow up (one year later)
The Fear of Flying Scale (FFS; German version (Mühlberger \& Pauli, 2011)) covers 21 flight situations (e.g., planning the trip, boarding a plane, turbulence during the flight) rated on a 5-point Likert scale
次要结局
- Change in self-efficacy scores(immediately before the exposure session, immediately after the exposure session, immediately before the test session (which took place one week after the exposure session), immediately after the test session, in a follow up (one year later))
- Change in electrodermal activity (skin conductance level)(during the four 2-min phases of each of the three VR flights of the exposure session and of each of the two VR flights of the test session.)
- Change in heart rate(during the four 2-min phases of each of the three VR flights of the exposure session and of each of the two VR flights of the test session.)
- Change in fear ratings(both during the VR flights (consisting of four 2-min phases each) of the exposure and the test session. Ratings were asked one minute after the beginning of each phase of each flight.)
研究者
Shiban Youssef
Principal Investigator
University of Regensburg