Rasburicase in Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patients With Hematologic Cancer or Other Disease Undergoing Donor Stem Cell Transplant

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders
Graft Versus Host Disease
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Interventions: Drug: busulfan
Drug: cyclophosphamide
Drug: cyclosporin-A
Drug: etoposide
Drug: methotrexate
Drug: rasburicase
Drug: sirolimus
Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Drug: tacrolimus
Procedure: peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Radiation: total-body irradiation
Drug: fludarabine
Drug: allopurinol

Registration Number: NCT00513474

Lead Sponsor: Massachusetts General Hospital

Brief Summary: RATIONALE: Rasburicase may be an effective treatment for graft-versus-host disease caused by a donor stem cell transplant.

PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well rasburicase works in preventing graft-versus-host disease in patients with hematologic cancer or other disease undergoing donor stem cell transplant.

Detailed Description: OBJECTIVES:

Primary

* To evaluate the incidence and severity of acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) in rasburicase-treated patients who will undergo myeloablative human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for hematologic malignancies and compare these outcomes with those of historical controls.

Secondary

* To evaluate the efficacy (in terms of reduction of uric acid levels) and safety of rasburicase in patients undergoing myeloablative allogeneic SCT.

* To evaluate the graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft immune responses in rasburicase-treated patients.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.

Patients receive a conventional myeloablative conditioning regimen consisting of high doses of cyclophosphamide, busulfan, and etoposide, with or without total-body irradiation. Depending on the preparative regimen selected, the conditioning of recipients will take a total of 6 to 7 days. On day 0, patients will receive filgrastim (G-CSF)-mobilized HLA-matched, related, or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated). Patients will receive standard graft-vs-host disease prophylaxis consisting of cyclosporine or tacrolimus and methotrexate or sirolimus. Patients will receive rasburicase IV over 30 minutes, beginning on the first day of conditioning therapy, for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the patient's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.

Blood is obtained on day 0 and then at 14, 28, and 42 days post-transplant for immunologic studies, including quantitative analysis to follow the recovery of T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells (DC), and monocytes using flow cytometry (FCM); phenotypic analysis of T cells, DC and monocytes by FCM; lymphocyte activation analysis: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25 2. CD3, CD8, CD71, CD69; DC analysis: CD45, CD14, DR, CD86, CD80 2. CD45, CD14, CD40, CD11c; and in vitro functional studies such as mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and cell-mediated lysis (CML) to assess for the graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft responses. Peripheral blood is collected for chimerism studies on days 28 and 100 post-transplant.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 46

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control Group	cyclosporin-A	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	etoposide	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	peripheral blood stem cell transplantation	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Rasburicase Group	cyclophosphamide	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	cyclosporin-A	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	peripheral blood stem cell transplantation	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	total-body irradiation	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Control Group	total-body irradiation	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Rasburicase Group	busulfan	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	etoposide	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	methotrexate	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	rasburicase	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	sirolimus	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	tacrolimus	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Rasburicase Group	fludarabine	Myeloablative (bone marrow depletion) conditioning protocol as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)-mobilized human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched, related or unrelated donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (unmanipulated), standard graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis as per standard of care at the investigator's discretion and rasburicase 0.20 mg/kg/day administered by intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. If after 5 days of rasburicase the participant's uric acid plasma level remains above 5 mg/dL, rasburicase may be continued for up to 7 days in total.
Control Group	busulfan	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	cyclophosphamide	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	sirolimus	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	methotrexate	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	tacrolimus	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	fludarabine	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.
Control Group	allopurinol	Historical chart review of patients from the Blood and Marrow Transplant database who received myeloablative allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplantation followed by standard GVHD prophylaxis in the past 10 years. Participants received allopurinol per institutional guidelines.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants With Grades II to IV Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease (aGVHD)	Up to 71 months	aGVHD severity was determined using International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR) scale stage and grade of the skin, liver and gut. Stage 1: Skin=maculopapular rash \<25% of body surface; Liver=Bilirubin 2-3 mg/dL and Gut=500-999 mL diarrhea/day or peristent nausea with histologic evidence of GvHD. Stage 2: Skin=maculopapular rash 25-50% of body surface; Liver=Bilirubin 3.1-6 mg/dL and Gut=1000-1499 mL diarrhea/day. Stage 3: Skin=maculopapular rash \>50% of body surface; Liver=Bilirubin 6.1-15 mg/dL and Gut=≥1500 mL diarrhea/day. Stage 4: Skin=generalized erythroderma with bulla formation; Liver=Bilirubin \>15 mg/dL and Gut=severe abdominal pain. Grade 1: Stage 1-2 rash; no liver or gut involvement. Grade II: Stage 3 rash, or stage 1 liver involvement, or stage 1 gut involvement. Grade III: None to stage 3 skin rash with stage 2-3 liver, or stage 2-4 gut involvement. Grade IV: Stage 4 skin rash, or stage 4 liver involvement.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Uric Acid Levels	Pre-transplant Day -7 to Day -1 and Post-transplant Day 0 to Day 6	Blood was collected and analyzed at a laboratory for serum uric acid levels reported in milligrams(mg)/deciliter(dL). Data is presented for those participants who experienced Grade II to IV aGVHD and those participants who did not experience Grade II to IV aGVHD at pre-transplant and post-transplant.
Number of Participant With Adverse Events (AE)	Up to 71 months	An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a drug; it does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment.
Graft-versus-host and Host-versus-graft Immune Responses	Days -2, 0, and Days 14, 21 and 35 days post-transplant	Laboratory tests such as limited dilution assay (LDA) were to be performed to assess graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft immune responses.