Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Deciduous Dentition and Risk Factors Associated With Non-syndromic Oral Clefts Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

Oral clefts lip and/or palate are considered as the most common oro-facial defects in children with an unclear complex etiology.

The international prevalence in newborns was estimated as 14 per 10,000 live births worldwide. Around 70% of cases occur as a non-syndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (NSCL/P)], and the resting 30% are associated with Mendelian disorders or teratogenic, chromosomal and sporadic conditions.

Non syndromic cleft lip and/or palate divided into cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CL/P) and cleft palate (CP) based on epidemiological features and embryologic timing.

The exact etiology is not completely known, but attributed to a mixture of genetic and environmental factors. The usefulness of epidemiological knowledge is important in assessing the burden of oral clefts in order to plan public health resources. Also, knowing the causes of oral clefts, which stimulates research on primary prevention and treatments to improve the quality of health and care.

The incidence of dental defects in cleft patients can be used as clinical indicators for defining cleft sub-phenotypes, as well as providing numbers of instances.