Optimizing HPV Vaccine Introduction in Shanghai, China

Not Applicable

Terminated

• Conditions: Vaccine Refusal
• Interventions: Behavioral: Information about STDs; Behavioral: Information about infectious disease; Behavioral: Recommendation for children 12 years old; Behavioral: Broadened information about cancers; Behavioral: Standard age information; Behavioral: Recommendation for children 18 years old; Behavioral: Cervical cancer; Behavioral: Blank information about communicability

• Registration Number: NCT03972813
• Lead Sponsor: University of Michigan

Brief Summary

Within low, middle, and upper income countries, low vaccine coverage results from both obstacles to vaccine access and low confidence in vaccine programs. Thus, it is critical to determine how best to enhance trust in vaccines as increasing numbers of vaccines are recommended for use. Even though the context accompanying the initial roll-out of a vaccine can have a large impact on people's perceptions of the vaccine and the corresponding disease, it is not clear how to best introduce a vaccine to increase public confidence and enhance uptake. The US roll-out of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine framed HPV as a sexually transmitted infection, which proved to be an impediment to efforts to increase vaccine uptake \>10 years after its introduction. This study will use an educational experiment, where parents of children will be exposed to information about the HPV vaccination in different ways. Parents will be introduced to the HPV vaccine through different scenarios with varying emphases (i.e., age at vaccination, types of transmission, type of cancer prevention). The aim will be to determine how the framing of the HPV vaccination across several dimensions affects short-term willingness to receive it.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2019-05-28
• Study First Submitted: 2019-05-30
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-05-30
• Study First Posted: 2019-06-04
• Primary Completion: 2019-08-31
• Study Completion: 2019-08-31
• Results First Submitted: 2019-12-06
• Results First Submitted QC: 2020-01-09
• Results First Posted: 2020-01-13
• Status Verified: 2023-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-04-03
• Last Update Posted: 2023-04-28

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: TERMINATED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 1021

Inclusion Criteria

• Parents of children 2-18 years old.

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Exclusion Criteria

• None

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: FACTORIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
cervical cancer - sexually transmitted (STD) - standard	Information about STDs	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - sexually transmitted (STD) - standard	Standard age information	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - STD - 12 years old (y.o.)	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - infectious - 18 y.o.	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - STD - 12 years old (y.o.)	Information about STDs	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - STD - 18 y.o.	Information about STDs	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - infectious - 18 y.o.	Information about infectious disease	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - infectious - 18 y.o.	Recommendation for children 18 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - blank - standard	Standard age information	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - blank - standard	Blank information about communicability	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - sexually transmitted (STD) - standard	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - infectious - standard	Standard age information	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - infectious - 12 y.o.	Information about infectious disease	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - infectious - 12 y.o.	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - blank - standard	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - blank - 12 y.o.	Recommendation for children 12 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - STD - 12 years old (y.o.)	Recommendation for children 12 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - STD - 18 y.o.	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - infectious - standard	Information about infectious disease	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - infectious - standard	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - blank - standard	Blank information about communicability	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - blank - 12 y.o.	Blank information about communicability	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - blank - 18 y.o.	Blank information about communicability	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - standard	Information about STDs	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
cervical cancer - STD - 18 y.o.	Recommendation for children 18 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - infectious - 12 y.o.	Recommendation for children 12 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - blank - 18 y.o.	Recommendation for children 18 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - 12 y.o.	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - standard	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - infectious - 12 y.o.	Recommendation for children 12 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - blank - standard	Standard age information	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - blank - 18 y.o.	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - blank - 12 y.o.	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - standard	Standard age information	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - STD - 12 y.o.	Recommendation for children 12 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - standard	Information about infectious disease	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - blank - 12 y.o.	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
cervical cancer - blank - 18 y.o.	Cervical cancer	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - standard	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - STD - 12 y.o.	Information about STDs	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - 18 y.o.	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - 12 y.o.	Information about infectious disease	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - 18 y.o.	Information about STDs	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - STD - 18 y.o.	Recommendation for children 18 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is a sexually transmitted disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - 12 y.o.	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - 18 y.o.	Information about infectious disease	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - blank - standard	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - blank - 12 y.o.	Blank information about communicability	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - standard	Standard age information	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China.
many cancers - infectious - 18 y.o.	Broadened information about cancers	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - infectious - 18 y.o.	Recommendation for children 18 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. HPV is an infectious disease. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - blank - 12 y.o.	Recommendation for children 12 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between grade school and middle school is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - blank - 18 y.o.	Recommendation for children 18 years old	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.
many cancers - blank - 18 y.o.	Blank information about communicability	The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes cancers all over the body, from the head to the reproductive system. Currently, safe and effective HPV vaccines are available for women 9-45 years of age in China. The transition between high school and college or work is a particularly good time to think about the HPV vaccine.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
To Determine How the Framing of the HPV Vaccination Across Several Dimensions Affects Short-term Willingness to Receive it	same day as intervention	Immediately after the experimental component, parents will respond to the question "If you had a daughter, how willing would you be to give your daughter an HPV vaccine at 12 years of age?" This will be assessed on a 5-point scale from "not at all willing" (1) to "very willing" (5). The proportion of parents who select "somewhat" (4) or "very willing" (5) will be tallied as the primary outcome measure.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
To Determine How the Framing of the HPV Vaccination Across Several Dimensions Affects Sustained Willingness to Receive it	3 years	Three years after the experimental component, parents will respond to the question "If you had a daughter, how willing would you be to give your daughter an HPV vaccine at 12 years of age?" This will be assessed on a 5-point scale from "not at all willing" (1) to "very willing" (5). The proportion of parents who select "somewhat" (4) or "very willing" (5) will be tallied as the primary outcome measure.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Shanghai CDC; 🇨🇳 Shanghai, China