Effect of waterpipe-use on vascular endothelial function.

Not Applicable

Conditions: healthy volunteersvascular endothelial damage due to Smoking.

Registration Number: DRKS00009966

Lead Sponsor: niversitätsmedizin Mainz, Zentrum für Kardiologie

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Pending

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 50

Inclusion Criteria

healthy smokers and non-smokers

Exclusion Criteria

•History of asthma or chronic pulmonary disease
•Smoking of tobacco products within the preceding 12 hours
•Current use of long acting nitrates or calcium antagonists

•Vascular or other abnormalities precluding application of a pressure cuff on the arm to conduct FMD/FMC measurement
•symptomatic cardiovascular disease

Study & Design

Study Type: interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Flow-mediated Dilation FMD % of the brachial artery (sonographically) before and after smoke exposure

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
FMC (flow mediated contraction as described by Gori measured by ultrasound corresponding to FMD) measured before and after vapor exposure;<br>blood pressure measured with Riva-Roci and contiously before , during and after vapor exposure using pulse transit time<br>heart rate (ECG derived, holter monitoring before and during exposure)<br>sympathic nerve activity (laser Doppler before and after exposure)<br>sympathovagal Balance (derived from ECG heart variability measured with holter ECG during study period)<br>Effect of antioxidative substances on FMD (measured as effect of p.o. VitC application on FMD after exposure)<br>Endothelium activation (measured in blood before and after vapor from frozen samples with the use of ELISA kits (E-selectine, VCAM etc.))<br>Leucocyte and platelet activation (FACS); Thermography of hand<br>Oxidative stress (measured from frozen blood samples befor and after exposure with ELISA