Evaluation and Physical Therapy for Patients With Degenerated Cervical Spine

The specific aims are as follows:

1. To investigate the degree of impairment, such as range, proprioception, sensation, and electromyography (EMG) pattern of healthy, older subjects.
2. To investigate the relationship of these impairment measurements, the functional outcome and disability in patients with cervical spondylosis.
3. To develop an exercise program with an emphasis on proprioception, stability and coordination for patients with neck-shoulder complaints to decrease the impairment and increase the functions of patients.