Protocol of the Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry: a Non-randomized, 24-month, Multicenter Study Comparing Robotic-assisted, Laparoscopic, and Open Surgery for Radical Cystectomy in Bladder Cancer

The aim of the project is to investigate the surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes of patients with bladder cancer who undergo radical cystectomy surgery comparing three different surgical techniques (robotic-assisted, laparoscopic, and open surgery). Pre-, peri- and post-operative factors will be examined, and participants will be followed for a period of up to 24 months to identify risks of mortality, oncological outcomes, hospital readmission, sexual performance, and continence.

Twenty-eight participating centers across Italy will provide data for the study: Urology Clinic, University of Bologna; Department of Urology, AOU Careggi, Florence; European Institute of Oncology Milan; San Raffaele Hospital, Milan; University Hospital of Verona; Department of Urology, Policlinico Abano; Department of Urology, Spedali Civili, Brescia; Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia; Galliera Hospital, Genova; ASST Niguarda Metropolitan Hospital, Niguarda; Policlinico Umberto I, Saproma; Department of Clinical Urology, University of Perugia; Department of Clinical Urology, AOUP Cisanello Hospital, Pisa; Department of Clinical Urology, Palermo University, Palermo; Department of Clinical Urology, Alessandria Hospital, Alessandria; Department of Clinical Urology, ASST Mantova, Mantova; Department of Clinical Urology, ASL Abruzzo; Department of Clinical Urology Ca Foncello Hospital, Treviso; Department of Clinical Urology II, Bari University, Bari; Department of Clinical Urology, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, Catania; Department of Clinical Urology, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Sgrotondo; Hospital Bassiano, Bassano; Department of Clinical Urology, Hospital San Francesco ASL 3, Nuoro; Department of Clinical Urology, Portogruaro; Department of Clinical Urology, Biella Hospital, Biella; Department of Clinical Urology Chioggia Hospital; Ausl Modena; Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli Grand Metropolitan Hospital.

The inclusion criteria are: 1) male and female consecutively recruited patients; 2) age ≥18 years; 3) histologically confirmed diagnosis of bladder cancer eligible for radical cystectomy surgery at date of enrollment; 4) providing written, informed consent.

At baseline and after 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-surgery, data will be taken directly from the patients at their follow-up medical visits and entered into the online database. The physician identifying and recruiting patients is in charge of completing the data collection forms during follow-up, even if the patient is subsequently treated in another center.

Variables of interest include demographic variables (age, sex, etc), surgical factors (technique use, length of surgery, blood loss, type of urinary diversion, node burden, histological exams, surgical margins etc), mortality, morbidity (pre-, during- and post-surgery), oncological results, and functioning (continence and sexual performance) over follow-up.