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Role of Immune Responses After Acute Myocardial Infarction

Registration Number
NCT02428374
Lead Sponsor
Federal University of São Paulo
Brief Summary

The fascinating role of lymphocyte subtypes in the development of coronary artery disease may be a new strategic target for understanding and therapy of acute myocardial infarction. The determinants of cell viability are unknown, postulating that they arise from factors not only related to microcirculation or energy expenditure, but also to inflammatory and immune responses. Furthermore, the intense mobilization of progenitor cells secondary to myocardial infarction triggers large lymphocyte proliferation that colonizes plaques in development, contributing to recurrent ischemic outcomes. This project aims to evaluate the immune and metabolic mechanisms involved in the recovery of the ischemic myocardium and coronary disease progression.

Detailed Description

Specifically, the investigators will study the innate and adaptive immunity, with emphasis on lymphocytes subtypes involved in the early and late surrogate outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction, their characterization (B1, B2 and T lymphocytes) in cell culture and by flow-cytometry, and immune responses (IgM and IgG for oxLDL and specific epitopes of apoB). In addition, the project will evaluate new biomarkers identified by studies of metabolomics, as well as the corresponding signaling pathways. Therapeutic pharmacological strategies and changes on intestinal microbiota will be evaluated since the acute phase of myocardial infarction up to 6 months.

In the study, the investigators will compared four arms of combined therapy: clopidogrel with rosuvastatin; or clopidogrel with simvastatin; or ticagrelor with rosuvastatin; or ticagrelor with simvastatin. The investigator's hypothesis is that the improvement of microcirculation with rosuvastatin and ticagrelor (synergic pleiotropic effects) may decrease the infarcted mass area, resulting in better left ventricular ejection fraction when compared to the other combined therapies.

The monitoring and genotype of microbiota will be examined together the metabolomics and cardiac MRIs obtained at the acute phase of MI and after 1-mo and 6-mo FU.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
300
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Stable patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with thrombolytics in the first 6h or the initial of symptoms of MI.
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Contraindication or known intolerance to the study drug protocol
  2. Those with comorbidities such as neoplasm, renal insufficiency (stage 4 or higher)

Patients should be randomized in the first 24 hours of AMI and treated by one of the four combined therapies at least 2h prior to coronary angiogram followed by percutaneous intervention when necessary.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Rosuvastatin plus ticagrelorSimvastatin plus clopidogrelRosuvastatin 40 mg plus ticagrelor 90 mg bid
Rosuvastatin plus ticagrelorSimvastatin plus ticagrelorRosuvastatin 40 mg plus ticagrelor 90 mg bid
rosuvastatin plus clopidogrelRosuvastatin plus ticagrelorrosuvastatin 40 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg
rosuvastatin plus clopidogrelSimvastatin plus clopidogrelrosuvastatin 40 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg
rosuvastatin plus clopidogrelSimvastatin plus ticagrelorrosuvastatin 40 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg
Rosuvastatin plus ticagrelorRosuvastatin plus clopidogrelRosuvastatin 40 mg plus ticagrelor 90 mg bid
simvastatin plus clopidogrelRosuvastatin plus ticagrelorSimvastatin 40 mg plus clopidogrel 75 mg
simvastatin plus clopidogrelSimvastatin plus ticagrelorSimvastatin 40 mg plus clopidogrel 75 mg
Simvastatin plus ticagrelorRosuvastatin plus ticagrelorSimvastatin 40 mg plus ticagrelor 90 mg bid
Simvastatin plus ticagrelorSimvastatin plus clopidogrelSimvastatin 40 mg plus ticagrelor 90 mg bid
simvastatin plus clopidogrelRosuvastatin plus clopidogrelSimvastatin 40 mg plus clopidogrel 75 mg
Simvastatin plus ticagrelorRosuvastatin plus clopidogrelSimvastatin 40 mg plus ticagrelor 90 mg bid
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Comparison of the left ventricular function (MRI) between the four combined treatments, after STEMI1-mo

The effects of treatments on the left ventricular function will be measured by MRI

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
To quantify the percentage and absolute number of B1, B2, TCD4, and TCD8 subtypes of lymphocytes and their correlation with infarcted mass area after STEMI6-mo

Lymphocyte subtypes quantified by flow-cytometry and infarcted mass area by MRI

To compare the effects of the four combined therapies on the infarcted mass area after STEMI6-mo

Variables will be examined by MRI

To compare the effects of the four combined therapies on the left ventricular function after STEMI6-mo

Variables will be examined by MRI

To compare the effects of the four combined therapies on the percentage of subjects with left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% after STEMI6-mo

Variables will be examined by MRI

To quantify the percentage and absolute number of B1, B2, TCD4, and TCD8 subtypes of lymphocytes and their correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction <40% after STEMI6-mo

Lymphocyte subtypes quantified by flow-cytometry and left ventricular ejection fraction by MRI

To quantify the percentage and absolute number of B1, B2, TCD4, and TCD8 subtypes of lymphocytes and their correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction after STEMI6-mo

Lymphocyte subtypes quantified by flow-cytometry and left ventricular ejection fraction by MRI

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hospital Sao Paulo - UNIFESP

🇧🇷

Sao Paulo, Brazil

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