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Dexmedetomidine and Morphine as Adjuvants to US Guided Erector Spinae Plane Blocks in Elective Thoracic Surgeries

Registration Number
NCT05843344
Lead Sponsor
Dr Kassiani Theodoraki
Brief Summary

The aim of this study will be to compare the effects of morphine versus dexmedetomidine when used as adjuvants to local anesthetic (Ropivacaine) in Erector Spinae Plane Block under ultrasound guidance. A group without an adjuvant will also be compared to the groups.

Detailed Description

Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) was first introduced in 2016 as a treatment technique for chronic thoracic neuropathic pain, and rapidly became popular in peri-operative medicine due to its relatively simple technique and low complication rate. It has been also used extensively in thoracic surgery. According to a systematic review, ESPB can be used effectively as part of multimodal analgesia in thoracic surgery since, when used, opioid consumption decreases.

The use of adjuvants has been studied to a limited extent in ESPB. Dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone have been tried as adjuvants in ESPB and it has been shown that dexmedetomidine is more effective in block prolongation and post-operative opioid consumption. According to our knowledge, morphine has not been used yet as an adjuvant for ESPB.

Therefore, the investigators will perform a randomized controlled trial in order to compare morphine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants in ESPB in elective thoracotomies in terms of intraoperative and post-operative opioid consumption. Intraoperative opioid consumption will be guided by vital signs and Nociception-Level Index (NOL) and post-operative opioid consumption will be measured by the amount of morphine consumed by the patient during the first 48 hours post-operatively. Secondary outcomes will also be recorded.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
90
Inclusion Criteria
  • patients undergoing elective thoracotomy for any cause (ASA I-III)
Exclusion Criteria
  • known allergy to local anesthetic
  • local inflammation
  • severe respiratory distress ( breathing dependence on accessory muscles)
  • severe spinal deformities
  • severe ipsilateral diaphragmatic paresis
  • morbid obesity (BMI>35 kg/m2)
  • blood coagulation disorder
  • known contraindication for administration of dexmedetomidine or morphine
  • severe cardiovascular disease
  • systematic use of opioids due to chronic pain
  • renal or hepatic failure
  • patients who refuse to participate.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
ropivacaine and morphine grouperector spinae plane block with a combination of ropivacaine and morphineerector spinae plane block with a combination of ropivacaine and morphine
ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine grouperector spinae plane block with a combination of ropivacaine and dexmedetomidineerector spinae plane block with a combination of ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine
ropivacaine grouperector spinae plane block with ropivacaine onlyerector spinae plane block with ropivacaine only
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Intravenous morphine consumption in the first 48 hours post-operatively48 hours post-operatively

Patients will be tracked for cumulative morphine consumption through a patient controlled analgesia device for the first 48 hours.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
IV morphine consumption in the first 6 hours6 hours post-operatively

Patients will be tracked for cumulative morphine consumption through a patient controlled analgesia device for the first 6 hours.

IV morphine consumption in the first 12 hours12 hours post-operatively

Patients will be tracked for cumulative morphine consumption through a patient controlled analgesia device for the first 12 hours.

IV morphine consumption in the first 24 hours24 hours post-operatively

Patients will be tracked for cumulative morphine consumption through a patient controlled analgesia device for the first 24 hours.

Pain score 24 hours post-operatively24 hours post-operatively

Pain score by the use of Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 24 hours post-operatively , from 0 to 10, where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "worst pain imaginable"

side effects post-operatively48 hours post-operatively

patients will be monitored for any side effects post-operatively

Patient agitation- sedation status in the first 12 hours12 hours post-operatively

Patient status will be monitored using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) 12 hours postoperatively. This scale can range from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative) and 0 means alert and calm

Nausea and vomiting24 hours post-operatively

Incidence of nausea and vomiting will be monitored for the first 24 hours postoperatively

Post-operative cognitive disorder (POCD)48hours post-operatively

Incidence of POCD will be assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) pre-operatively and 48 hours post-operatively

Post-operative Delirium (POD) Incidence48 hours post-operatively

Incidence of POD will be assessed

Intraoperative remifentanil consumptionDuration of operation

intraoperative remifentanil consumption will be monitored according to nociception level (NOL) index

Intraoperative morphine consumptionDuration of operation

Intraoperative morphine consumption will be monitored according to nociception level (NOL) index

Pain score after surgery (PACU)immediately post-operatively

Pain score by the use of Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) on arrival at PACU , from 0 to 10, where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "worst pain imaginable"

Pain score 48 hours post-operatively48 hours post-operatively

Pain score by the use of Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 48 hours post-operatively , from 0 to 10, where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "worst pain imaginable"

time to first request of analgesia48 hours post-operatively

the time for the first patient for analgesia will be noted

Patient agitation- sedation status post-operatively (PACU)Immediately post-operatively

Patient status will be monitored using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) on arrival at PACU. This scale can range from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative) and 0 means alert and calm

Patient agitation- sedation status in the first 24 hours24 hours post-operatively

Patient status will be monitored using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) 24 hours postoperatively. This scale can range from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative) and 0 means alert and calm

Pain score 6 hours post-operatively6 hours post-operatively

Pain score by the use of Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 6 hours post-operatively , from 0 to 10, where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "worst pain imaginable"

Pain score 12 hours post-operatively12 hours post-operatively

Pain score by the use of Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 12 hours post-operatively , from 0 to 10, where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "worst pain imaginable"

Chronic pain 3 months after operation3 months post-operatively

Incidence of chronic pain using douleur neuropathique 4 (DN4) pain scale 3 months after the operation. This scale can range from 0 to 10 and 10 means a worse outcome.

satisfaction from post-operative analgesia48 hours post-operatively

satisfaction from post-operative analgesia on a four-point Likert scale with 1 marked as minimal satisfaction and 4 as maximal satisfaction

Patient agitation- sedation status in the first 6 hours6 hours post-operatively

Patient status will be monitored using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) 6 hours post-operatively. This scale can range from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative) and 0 means alert and calm

Patient agitation- sedation status in the first 48 hours48 hours post-operatively

Patient status will be monitored using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) 48 hours postoperatively. This scale can range from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative) and 0 means alert and calm

Chronic pain 6 months after operation6 months post-operatively

Incidence of chronic pain using douleur neuropathique 4 (DN4) pain scale 6 months after the operation. This scale can range from 0 to 10 and 10 means a worse outcome.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Aretaieion University Hospital

🇬🇷

Athens, Greece

Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital

🇬🇷

Athens, Greece

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