Investigating Genetic Biomarkers in the Early Detection of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion: An Observational Study

Purpose of the Research:

To reveal the genetic cause for the occurrence of Class III malocclusion, or what may be described as a reverse bite (underbite).

Introduction and Detailed Procedures for the Patient (Work Plan):

1. The volunteer will rinse their mouth with chlorhexidine before taking the swab.
2. A saliva sample will be collected from the patient using a syringe, along with a frontal facial photograph and a lateral cephalometric X-ray.
3. DNA / genetic material will be extracted from the sample.
4. Screening will be conducted for genetic mutations that may be responsible for the occurrence of the underbite.
5. The photographs and X-rays will be analyzed and compared with the swab results.
6. This data will be analyzed to determine whether the detected mutations are the cause of the underbite.
7. The sample will be retained for use in future research studies.

Side Effects, Expected Risk Levels, and Management"

• Pain: Mild discomfort during swab collection, which does not require any painkillers.
• Infection/Inflammation: Mild inflammation at the sample site or a secondary bacterial infection; in this case, antibiotics may be prescribed if necessary.
• Risk Level: Low risk, estimated to be less than 5%.