RIvoraxaban Safety and Efficacy in Patients With Mitral Stenosis
试验速览
- 阶段
- 3 期
- 状态
- 终止
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Number of participants with stroke
研究概览
简要总结
In this randomized controlled clinical trial, patients with moderate to severe mitral valve stenosis (MS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) will be enrolled into the study.Participants will be divided into two groups based on the anticoagulation regimen type. The intervention group will receive rivaroxaban and the control group will be given warfarin. All patients will be observed closely during a period of one year. Through the follow up, embolic events and hemorrhagic complications will be recorded in both groups. In addition, patients in both group will undergo a baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and an MRI after one-year follow up, by which the silent embolic events will be compared in both groups.
详细描述
Study rationale:
Since the introduction of warfarin as the main oral anticoagulation therapy in patients with MS and AF, no other drug has been replaced/suggested by any medical community for this group of patients. Warfarin is considered a drug with marginal therapeutic effect, with a need for constant monitoring, with lots of known drug interaction and finally a great probability of adverse complication. Novel oral anticoagulation agents have resolved several of these drawbacks and has been recommended as a viable option as a substitute of warfarin in various clinical scenario. Until now, no trial has evaluated the potentiality of using novel oral anticoagulations (NOACs) in patients with MS accompanied by AF. In this trial investigators are intended to elaborate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with MS complicated by AF
Background:
Since the introduction of NOAC, their indication has been expanded in various type of diseases. From protecting against ischemic stroke in AF patients to treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) events, NOAC were both safe and effective compared to warfarin. Importantly this new class of drug have omitted some of the major drawbacks of warfarin; their predictable therapeutic level has permitted to prescribed them as fixed dosage without constant laboratory tests. Also their shorter half-life has made critical situation in which reversal of anticoagulation agents were needed, more manageable.
There are solid evidences that AF is one of the major cause of cerebrovascular ischemic events, and anticoagulation therapy by decreasing thrombus formation reduces significantly these major adverse events. So there is no wonder that first studies on NOAC were performed on AF population. In the beginning AF caused by valvular heart diseases were judge to bear a much greater risk as cerebrovascular events are concerns, and consequently patients with valvular pathologies were eliminated from the earlier pivotal studies. However, through these years, there are lots of evidences showing the safety and efficacy of NOAC in valvular pathologies. Recently ENGAGE TIMI 48 Trial has showed the efficacy and safety of Edoxaban in patients with valvular heart diseases. By testing the theory in a large population, the ENGAGE TIMI 48 study emphasized on a greater risk of embolic events in patients with VHD and AF, but this increasing risk has no effect on the efficacy of edoxaban compared to warfarin. Interestingly the new agents had less major bleeding compared to warfarin.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 75 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Provision of signed and dated informed consent form
- •Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- •Men and women ≥ 18 year-old
- •Diagnosed with moderate to severe mitral stenosis who have a history of AF of any duration documented by any electrical tracing within the prior 12 months and for which anticoagulation is indicated and planned for the duration of the study.
- •Ability to take oral medication and be willing to adhere to the rivaroxaban regimen
排除标准
- •Left atrial clot
- •Severe renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance [CrCl] <15 mL/min), subjects with
- •A condition associated with a high risk of bleeding
- •Allergic to rivaroxabn/warfarin
研究组 & 干预措施
Rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban will be used as the anticoagulation drug for the intervention group. Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant and the first orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor. Unlike warfarin, routine lab monitoring of INR is not necessary. However there is no approved antidote available in the event of a major bleed. Only the 10 mg tablet can be taken without regard to food. The 15 mg and 20 mg tablet should be taken with food.
干预措施: Rivaroxaban (Drug)
Warfarin
Warfarin will be used as the anticoagulation drug for the control group. Warfarin decreases blood clotting by blocking an enzyme called vitamin K epoxide reductase that reactivates vitamin K1. Without sufficient active vitamin K1, clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X have decreased clotting ability. The anticlotting protein C and protein S are also inhibited but to a lesser degree. A few days are required for full effect to occur and these effects can last for up to five days, and the final dose will be adjusted according to PT and related INR.
干预措施: Warfarin (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Number of participants with stroke
时间窗: 12 months
A stroke is defined as an abrupt onset, over minutes to hours, of a focal neurological deficit in the distribution of a single brain artery that is not due to an identifiable nonvascular cause (i.e., brain tumor or trauma), and that either lasts at least 24 hours or results in death within 24 hours of onset.
Number of participants with systemic embolic event
时间窗: 12 months
An SEE is defined as an arterial embolism resulting in clinical ischemia, excluding the central nervous system (CNS), coronary and pulmonary arterial circulation.
次要结局
- Number of participants with bleeding complications(12 months)