Presurgery Bortezomib for Recurrent Malignant Gliomas Followed by Postop Bortezomib & Temozolomide

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors

Interventions: Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Temozolomide

Registration Number: NCT00990652

Lead Sponsor: Northwestern University

Brief Summary: Bortezomib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as temozolomide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving bortezomib before surgery may make the tumor smaller and reduce the amount of normal tissue that needs to be removed. Giving bortezomib together with temozolomide after surgery may kill any tumor cells that remain after surgery.

This phase II trial is studying how well giving bortezomib before surgery followed by giving bortezomib together with temozolomide after surgery works in treating patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

Detailed Description: Patients receive bortezomib IV on days 1, 4, and 8. Patients then undergo surgical resection of the tumor on day 8 or 9.

Beginning approximately 14 days after surgery, patients receive oral temozolomide on days 1-7 and 14-21 and bortezomib IV on days 7 and 21. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Tumor tissue and blood samples are collected periodically for biomarker analysis, gene methylation studies, and pharmacokinetic studies.

After completion of study therapy, patients are followed up every 3 months for 2 years.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 10

Inclusion Criteria

Histologically confirmed malignant glioma, including any of the following subtypes:
- Glioblastoma multiforme
- Gliosarcoma
- Anaplastic astrocytoma
- Anaplastic oligodendroglioma
- Anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma
- Malignant astrocytoma not otherwise specified
Must show unequivocal evidence of tumor recurrence or progression by MRI or CT scan with contrast
Candidate for surgery AND requires surgery
- Evaluable or measurable disease following resection of recurrent tumor is not required
Failed prior standard radiotherapy and temozolomide
- Patients who have undergone stereotactic radiosurgery must have confirmation of true progressive disease (rather than radiation necrosis) by PET scan, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), or magnetic resonance perfusion (MRP) prior to surgery
- Patients with lower-grade gliomas that have undergone radiographic malignant transformation allowed provided they failed radiotherapy (with or without temozolomide) and require surgery
Life expectancy > 12 weeks

Exclusion Criteria

Not pregnant or nursing
Negative pregnancy test
No other medical issues (e.g., bleeding, infection, HIV, or serious medical or psychiatric illness) that would preclude study therapy
Myocardial infarction within the past 6 months
No other active cancer(s) except non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, unless in complete remission and off of all therapy for that cancer for ≥ 3 years
No hypersensitivity to bortezomib, boron, or mannitol
More than 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy
At least 4 weeks since prior cytotoxic therapy (6 weeks for nitrosoureas)
At least 3 weeks since prior investigational drugs
At least 2 weeks since prior enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants
Concurrent non-enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants allowed
No other concurrent standard or investigational anticancer treatment

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Bortezomib + Temozolomide	Bortezomib	Patients receive an injection of bortezomib 1.7mg/m\^2 on days 1, 4 and 8. Patients then undergo their standard of care surgery on day 8 or 9 to remove the tumor. Once recovered from surgery, patients receive combination treatment with temozolomide and bortezomib in periods called cycles (1 cycle = 28 days). Temozolomide is taken by mouth on days 1-7 and 14-21 of each cycle, and bortezomib injections are given on days 7 and 21 of each cycle.
Bortezomib + Temozolomide	Temozolomide	Patients receive an injection of bortezomib 1.7mg/m\^2 on days 1, 4 and 8. Patients then undergo their standard of care surgery on day 8 or 9 to remove the tumor. Once recovered from surgery, patients receive combination treatment with temozolomide and bortezomib in periods called cycles (1 cycle = 28 days). Temozolomide is taken by mouth on days 1-7 and 14-21 of each cycle, and bortezomib injections are given on days 7 and 21 of each cycle.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Patients Surviving Without Disease Progression After 6 Months	From date of first treatment until disease progression, death, or early discontinuation of treatment (up to 24 months)	Patients will be monitored from date of first treatment to the date of first observation of progressive disease, non-reversible neurologic progression or increasing steroid requirements, death due to any cause, or early discontinuation of treatment. Progression-free survival will be defined as the absence of any of the above after 6 months. Progression (defined by MacDonald Criteria) is a 25% increase in the sum of products of all measurable lesions over smallest sum observed compared to baseline, OR clear worsening of any evaluable disease, OR appearance of any new lesion/site, OR failure to return for evaluation due to death or deteriorating condition (unless clearly unrelated to the cancer).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participants Achieving a Response to Treatment (Either Complete or Partial Response) as Defined by MacDonald Criteria	Day of treatment post-surgery and then approximately every 8 weeks thereafter until off treatment	This measure was assessed only in patients who had residual tumor post-operatively. Per MacDonald Criteria: Complete Response requires complete disappearance of all measurable \& evaluable disease, no new lesions, no evidence of non-evaluable disease, and only minimal or no use of steroids. Partial Response is defined as \>= 50% decrease compared to baseline in the sum of products of perpendicular diameters of all measurable lesions, no progression of evaluable disease, and no new lesions. Responders must be on the same or decreasing doses of steroid. Response was assessed by imaging (MRI or CT with contrast).
Number of Grade 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Adverse Events Observed During Study Treatment (Defined by CTCAE v 3.0)	Days 1, 4, 8 pre-surgery, and then at the start of every cycle (approximately every 4 weeks) post-surgery while on treatment	Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the National Cancer Institute's Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0. In general, AEs are graded according to the following: Grade 1 Mild AE Grade 2 Moderate AE Grade 3 Severe AE Grade 4 Life-threatening or disabling AE Grade 5 Death related to AE
Overall Survival (in Days)	Days 1, 4, 8 pre-surgery, once per cycle (every 4 weeks) while on treatment post-surgery, and then every 3 months up to 2 years during follow-up
Overall Survival Rate at 6 Months	After 6 months on study	The rate of overall survival at 6 months (regardless of disease progression) was calculated.