Effects of Agility Training With and Without Foot Mobilization In Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.

Not Applicable

Recruiting

• Conditions: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

• Registration Number: NCT06674707
• Lead Sponsor: Riphah International University

Brief Summary

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is referred to as peripatellar or retro-patellar pain, which is characterized by alterations in the physical and biomechanical features of the patellofemoral joint. Risk factors for PFPS include: anatomic anomalies, mal-alignment and altered biomechanics of the lower extremity, muscle dysfunction, patellar hypermobility, poor quadriceps, or iliotibial band flexibility, surgery, tight lateral structures, training errors or overuse and trauma. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of foot mobilization with and without agility training on pain, balance and functional performance in patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Detailed Description

A Randomized Clinical Trial will be conducted at Riphah Clinic Lahore, Al Rehman Hospital, through convenient purposive sampling technique on 42 patients which will be allocated through using simple randomization into Group A and Group B. Group A will be treated with agility training and foot mobilization in patellofemoral pain syndrome and Group B will be treated with agility training without foot mobilization in patellofemoral pain syndrome thrice a week for 6 weeks. Outcome measures will be conducted through pain (NPRS), Kujala patellofemoral pain scale, Y balance test and Navicular droop test before and after 6 weeks. Data will be analyzed using SPSS software version 25.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2024-01-04
• Status Verified: 2024-11
• Study First Submitted: 2024-11-03
• Study First Submitted QC: 2024-11-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-11-03
• Study First Posted: 2024-11-05
• Last Update Posted: 2024-11-05
• Primary Completion: 2025-01-07
• Study Completion: 2025-01-07

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 42

Inclusion Criteria

Clinical signs of patellofemoral pain syndrome such as retro patellar pain, crepitation, and pain with patellar grinding more than 6 months.

• Both genders of 20-40 years of age.
• Presence of pain on step down from a 25 step or double leg squat and sitting with knee bent greater than 15 min.
• Pain more than 4 on NPRS scale.
• Individual with anterior left/right asymmetries greater than 4 cm on Y balance test
• Excessive calcaneal eversion measured at 6° in the relaxed posture(6).

Read More

Exclusion Criteria

• History of ligament and meniscal injury.
• History of lower limb fractures.
• History of post-surgical condition of lower limb
• History of systemic, connective tissue or neurologic condition

Read More

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS):	6 weeks	The outcome was the 11-point NPRS to measure pain intensity. The NPRS defines pain intensity from 0 to 10 points, with 0 and 10 points indicating no pain and the most severe pain respectively. The reported test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient \[ICC\]) was 0.76, demonstrating it to be a good indicator of pain intensity.
Kujala Patellofemoral Pain Scale	6 weeks	Anterior knee pain scale is frequently referred as Kujala scale. It's a 13 item questionnaire including different items on pain related to function and activities. The items assessed in the questionnaire are patellar subluxation, claudication, pain, walking, climbing stairs and prolonged sitting with the knees flexed. It has a score from 0 to 100 points, where 100 means without pain and functional limitations and 0 means constant pain and various functional limitations.
Y Balance Test	6 weeks	The YBT assesses the balance by challenging his postural control system in 3 (anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral) of the 8 SEBT (star excursion balance test) directions and has been advocated as a method for assessing dynamic balance (requires strength, flexibility and proprioception). The Y balance score was calculated by dividing the sum of the maximum reach distance in the anterior (A), posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL) directions by 3 times the limb length (LL) of the individual, then multiplied by 100.
Navicular Droop Test	6 weeks	Position the patient in standing so there is full weight-bearing through the lower extremity and ensure the foot is in the subtalar joint neutral position ("talar head congruent"). Mark the most prominent part of the navicular tuberosity and measure its distance from the supporting surface floor or step. Ask the patient to relax and then measure the amount of sagittal plane excursion of the navicular with a ruler. Alternatively, the test can also be performed in reverse, measuring from relaxed position up to talar neutral in standing postion. Many clinicians also choose to perform this test by marking the start and end position of the navicular on an index card placed along the inside of the foot and then measure the change with a ruler. The ICC2,1 values in the sitting and standing positions were 0.93 and 0.95, respectively, indicating significantly high inter-rater reliability.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Al- Rehman Hospital; 🇵🇰 Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan