The Hug-up Test: A New, Sensitive Diagnostic Test for Supraspinatus Tears

Completed

• Conditions: Rotator Cuff Tears
• Interventions: Diagnostic Test: The hug-up test; Diagnostic Test: EC test; Diagnostic Test: FC test; Diagnostic Test: Neer impingement sign; Diagnostic Test: Hawkins-Kennedy impingement sign; Diagnostic Test: diagnostic arthroscopy

• Registration Number: NCT04954508
• Lead Sponsor: Peking University Third Hospital

Brief Summary

We developed a new test, the "hug-up test," wherein elevation is resisted as the palm is held on the opposite shoulder with the elbow held in maximal anterior translation. The purpose of this study was to describe the hug-up test and compare it with other conventional tests used for diagnosing supraspinatus tears.

Detailed Description

The supraspinatus tendon is the most commonly affected tendon in rotator cuff tears. Early detection of a supraspinatus tear using an accurate physical examination is, therefore, important. However, the currently used physical tests for detecting supraspinatus tears are poor diagnostic indicators and involve a wide range of sensitivity and specificity values. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a new physical test for the diagnosis of supraspinatus tears and evaluate its accuracy in comparison with conventional tests.

Between November 2012 and January 2014, 200 consecutive patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy were prospectively evaluated preoperatively. The hug-up test, empty can (EC) test, full can (FC) test, Neer impingement sign, and Hawkins-Kennedy impingement sign were used and compared statistically for their accuracy in terms of supraspinatus tears, with arthroscopic findings as the gold standard. Muscle strength was precisely quantified using an electronic digital tensiometer.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2012-12-01
• Primary Completion: 2014-01-31
• Study Completion: 2014-01-31
• Status Verified: 2021-07
• Study First Submitted: 2021-07-05
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-07-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-07-05
• Study First Posted: 2021-07-08
• Last Update Posted: 2021-07-08

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 200

Inclusion Criteria

• patients scheduled to undergo an arthroscopic procedure for a diagnosis related to shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislocation by one of the senior authors from November 2012 to January 2014

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Exclusion Criteria

• Patients with a history of shoulder surgery, upper extremity fractures, and bilateral shoulder diseases.

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Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
P	The hug-up test	patients suffering form shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislication
P	EC test	patients suffering form shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislication
P	Neer impingement sign	patients suffering form shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislication
P	FC test	patients suffering form shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislication
P	Hawkins-Kennedy impingement sign	patients suffering form shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislication
P	diagnostic arthroscopy	patients suffering form shoulder pain and/or weakness or dislication

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
patients' self-reported pain	immediately after the test	Pain experienced during the Neer impingement and Hawkins-Kennedy impingement tests and weakness during the EC test and the FC test were considered positive results.
diagnostic arthroscopy	during the arthrosocpic procedure	The arthroscopic operation involved complete inspection of the supraspinatus. Supraspinatus tears were categorized as fullthickness tears (FTTs), which were classified as small (≤1 cm), moderate (≤3 cm), large (≤5 cm), and massive (\>5 cm), on the basis of the largest dimension, and partial-thickness tears (PTTs), which were classified as bursal-sided, articular-sided,and intra-tendinous. Other combined diseases including acromioclavicular joint derangement, infraspinatus lesions, subscapularis lesions, superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesions, biceps disorders, and Bankart lesions were recorded as well to assess the specificity of the tests.the supraspinatus. Supraspinatus tears were categorized as fullthickness tears (FTTs), which were classified as small (≤1 cm), moderate (≤3 cm), large (≤5 cm), and massive (\>5 cm), on the basis of the largest dimension, and partial-thickness tears (PTTs), which were classified as bursal-sided, articular-sided,

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Peking University Third Hospital; 🇨🇳 Beijing, Beijing, China