Radium-223 and Radiotherapy in Hormone-Naïve Men With Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer to Bone

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Prostate Cancer Metastatic to Bone

Interventions: Drug: Radium Ra 223 Dichloride
Radiation: Radiation

Registration Number: NCT03304418

Lead Sponsor: University of Utah

Brief Summary: This is a phase IIa, open label, single arm, and prospective study of hormone therapy-naïve men with oligometastatic prostate cancer to the bone. The study will test if treating the primary tumor sites and 5 or fewer sites of bone-only metastasis with external beam radiation with concomitant systemic Radium-223 will reduce the utilization of androgen deprivation therapy, improve QOL and improve OS over a the comparator cohort of SWOG intermittent ADT historic cohort.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: Male

Target Recruitment: 20

Inclusion Criteria

Asymptomatic or symptomatic hormone naïve men with testosterone levels ≥100 ng/dL with previously treated localized prostate cancer who now have rising PSA's and five or fewer bone metastases.
Subjects who have been previously treated with definitive and/or adjuvant/salvage radiotherapy to the primary site and/or regional lymph nodes with concurrent ADT are allowed if the last hormone therapy delivered > 6 months prior. Subjects who have had more than 30 days and fewer than 45 days of bicalutamide monotherapy for any reason within the 6 months prior to enrollment are eligible for the study, providing they have been off of the drug for at least 30 days prior to enrollment. Subjects who have had fewer than 30 days of bicalutamide are eligible for the study, as long as they discontinue the drug at least 5 days prior to the first study treatment.
Histologic confirmation of Prostate Adenocarcinoma diagnosis.
Age ≥ 18 years.
Life expectancy of at least 2 years.
Acceptable hematology and serum biochemistry screening values:
- White Blood Cell Count (WBC) ≥ 3,000/mm3
- Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mm3
- Platelet (PLT) count ≥ 100,000/mm3
- Hemoglobin (HGB) ≥ 10 g/dl
- Total bilirubin level ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN
- Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN
- Albumin > 2.5 mg/dL
Willing and able to comply with the protocol, including follow-up visits and examinations.
Karnofsky Performance Score >60 or ECOG equivalent.
Radiographic confirmation of oligometastatic diagnosis via Bone Scan validated by either CT scan or MRI or PET/CT with Fluciclovine within the past 90 days.
Subjects who have not had surgical removal of their prostate and have a partner of child bearing potential must agree to use condoms beginning at the signing of the ICF until at least 6 months after the last dose of study drug. Because of the potential side effect on spermatogenesis associated with radiation, female partners of childbearing potential must agree to use a highly effective contraceptive method during and for 6 months after completing treatment
Able to provide informed consent and willing to sign an approved consent form that conforms to federal and institutional guidelines.

Exclusion Criteria

Men with known brain or visceral metastases (except regional lymph nodes as defined by section 5.2.5) defined by CT or MRI Imaging of the abdomen or pelvis.
Men who have had LHRH agonist or antagonist hormone therapy in the prior six months.
Men with >5 bony metastases.
Men with baseline serum Testosterone <100 ng/dL.
Men with new or progressing lymphadenopathy clearly consistent with prostate metastasis on imaging or proven by pathologic biopsy at any time three months or later following their initial definitive therapy.
Prior or concurrent invasive malignancy (except non-melanomatous skin cancer) or lymphomatous/hematogenous malignancy unless continually disease free for a minimum of 3 years. All patients with in situ carcinoma are eligible for this study (for example, carcinoma in situ of the oral cavity is eligible) except patients with carcinoma of the bladder (including in situ bladder cancer or superficial bladder cancer).
Use of finasteride within 30 days prior to therapy PSA should not be obtained prior to 30 days after stopping finasteride.
Use of dutasteride within 90 days prior to therapy. PSA should not be obtained prior to 90 days after stopping dutasteride.
Previous or concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer.
Received systemic therapy with radionuclides (e.g., strontium-89, samarium-153, rhenium-186, or rhenium-188, or Radium Ra 223 dichloride) for the treatment of bony metastases.
Men who will receive radical prostatectomy to the primary site.
Imminent spinal cord compression based on clinical findings and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Spinal Cord compression will be defined as 360 degree circumferential obliteration of T2 cerebrospinal fluid signal around the spinal cord. Treatment should be completed for spinal cord compression.
Severe, active co-morbidity, defined as follows:
- Unstable angina and/or congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization within the last 6 months
- Transmural myocardial infarction within the last 6 months
- Acute bacterial or fungal infection requiring intravenous antibiotics at the time of registration
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation or other respiratory illness requiring hospitalization or precluding study therapy at the time of registration
- Hepatic insufficiency resulting in clinical jaundice and/or coagulation defects; note, however, that laboratory tests for liver function and coagulation parameters are not required for entry into this protocol. (Patients on Coumadin or other blood thinning agents are eligible for this study.)
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) based upon current CDC definition; note, however, that HIV testing is not required for entry into this protocol. The need to exclude patients with AIDS from this protocol is necessary because the treatments involved in this protocol may be significantly immunosuppressive.
Cardiac failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) III or IV Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
Bone marrow dysplasia.
Fecal incontinence.
Any condition which, in the investigator's opinion, makes the subject unsuitable for trial participation.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Radium Ra 223 dichloride and radiation, all patients	Radiation	-
Radium Ra 223 dichloride and radiation, all patients	Radium Ra 223 Dichloride	-

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Count of Participants Requiring Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) Use at 15 Months	15 months	To determine if 20% of ADT naïve men treated with concurrent EBRT and Radium-223 will not require ADT for progression by 15 months.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Median Time From Start of Study Therapy to Start of ADT	2 years	Determine the hormone-therapy free survival time for men treated with concurrent EBRT and Radium-223 and determine if it is a 30% risk reduction over the SWOG intermittent ADT historic cohort
Mean Expanded Prostate Inventory Composite (EPIC) Scores at End of Treatment	6 months	To evaluate health related quality of life (QOL) as scored by the 50 item Expanded Prostate Inventory Composite (EPIC) EPIC urinary, bowel, sexual and hormonal domains. EPIC assesses the disease-specific aspects of prostate cancer and its therapies and comprises four summary domains (Urinary, Bowel, Sexual and Hormonal). Response options for each EPIC item form a Likert scale, and multi-item scale scores are transformed linearly to a 0-100 scale, with higher scores representing better health-related quality of life.
Mean PROMIS-29 Scores at End of Treatment	6 months	To evaluate health related quality of life (QOL). The PROMIS-29 (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) will be used to assess general function and well-being. The raw score for each PROMIS instrument is converted to a T-score on a scale of 0-100. For most PROMIS instruments, a score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10. A higher PROMIS T score represents more of the concept being measured. For negatively worded concepts like Anxiety, a T score of 60 is one SD worse than average. By comparison, an Anxiety T score of 40 is one SD better than average. However, for positively worded concepts like Physical Function Mobility, a T score of 60 is one SD better than average while a T score of 40 is one SD worse than average.
Evaluate Time to First Skeletal Related Event (SRE)	2 years	Documentation of complications associated with bone metastases and may include (but not limited to) fractures, spinal cord compression, bone pain, and hypercalcemia.
Evaluate the PSA Doubling Time	2 years, assessed at every visit in that time period	This outcome measure will report the mean time elapsed from baseline PSA to PSA to double in value. Participants were followed for 24 months from the initiation of study treatment. PSA doubling time was censored at 24 months.
Evaluate Overall Surival	2 years after study enrollment	This outcome measure will report the overall survival at 2 years. Patients were followed for survival for two years after study enrollment. Patients who refused follow-up were censored at their off-study date.