CAMB/MAT2203 in Patients With Mucocutaneous Candidiasis

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous

Interventions: Drug: Amphotericin B

Registration Number: NCT02629419

Lead Sponsor: Matinas BioPharma Nanotechnologies, Inc.

Brief Summary: This is an open-label, dose-titration trial to study the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of oral cochleate amphotericin B (CAMB) in the treatment of mucocutaneous candidiasis infections in patients who are refractory or intolerant to standard non intravenous therapies.

Detailed Description: Patients aged 18 to 75 years with mucocutaneous candidiasis (esophageal, oropharyngeal, or vulvovaginal) who are refractory or intolerant to standard non-intravenous therapies will be enrolled. Patients will initially be treated in a short-term dose titration period, where the dose may be increased in patients that do not respond clinically. Patients who do not respond clinically to the highest dose of drug will discontinue the protocol. Patients that respond to treatment and tolerate the study medication will be eligible to enter a long-term extension (up to 60-months).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 4

Inclusion Criteria

Patients must have a clinical diagnosis of at least one of the following:
Persistent oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) for greater than or equal to 5 days documented on at least one occasion by potassium hydroxide (KOH) test or fungal stain and confirmed by mycological culture to be azole resistant within the previous 6 months and/or intolerance to standard non intravenous therapies or lack of improvement or worsening of OPC after receipt of appropriately dosed oral azole therapy.
Esophageal candidiasis (EC) associated with clinical symptoms of retrosternal pain, odynophagia, and/or pain with swallowing and documented by esophageal biopsy or visualization with culture documenting azole resistance within the previous 6 months and/or intolerance to standard non-intravenous therapies or lack of improvement or worsening of EC after appropriately dosed azole therapy.
Persistent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) for greater than or equal to 5 days as documented by presence of vaginal symptoms and a positive wet mount showing Candida structures and confirmed by a vaginal culture positive for Candida with azole resistance within the previous 6 months and/or intolerance to standard non intravenous therapies or lack of improvement or worsening of VVC after appropriately dosed azole therapy.
Patient is expected to survive for greater than or equal to 6 months.
Willing to have samples stored for future research.
Agree to use highly effective contraception.
- Contraception: Because the effects of CAMB on the developing human fetus are unknown, sexually active patients of childbearing potential must agree to use highly effective contraception as outlined below before study entry and for the duration of study participation. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test result before receiving CAMB. During the course of the study, if a patient becomes pregnant or suspects they are pregnant, then they should inform the study staff and their primary care physician immediately. Acceptable forms of contraception are:
  - Intrauterine device (IUD) or equivalent.
  - Hormonal contraceptives (eg, consistent, timely and continuous use of contraceptive pill, patch, ring, implant, or injection that has reached full efficacy prior to dosing). If the patient uses contraceptive pill, patch, or ring, then a barrier method (eg, male/female condom, cap, or diaphragm plus spermicide) must also be used at the time of potentially reproductive sexual activity.
  - Be in a stable, long-term monogamous relationship, per principal investigator (PI) assessment, with a partner that does not pose any potential pregnancy risk, eg, has undergone a vasectomy at least 6 months prior to first dose of study agent or is of the same sex as the patient.
  - Have had a hysterectomy and/or a bilateral tubal ligation or both ovaries removed.

Exclusion Criteria

Allergy to any amphotericin B (AMB) product or any component of CAMB (eg, phosphatidylserine)
Have evidence of systemic fungal infections requiring intravenous antifungal therapy
Pregnant or nursing women, and women intending to become pregnant during the study period
Had a concomitant medical condition that could interfere with study drug evaluation or that is a contraindication to the proposed investigational treatment based upon known agent safety profile or toxicities.
Had any of the following laboratory abnormalities at the screening visit:
- Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) > 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN).
- Total bilirubin level > 2.5 times the ULN
- Serum creatinine level > 2 times the ULN
- Absolute neutrophil count less than 500 cells/microliter
- Potassium level less than 3.5 mmol/L
Exposure to any investigational agent within 4 weeks prior to Day 0 (Baseline).
Current or recent history (past 12 months) of drug or alcohol abuse.
Use of intravenous AMB products within 1-week of start of study drug administration
Use of non-intravenous AMB products (such as oral AMB swishes) within 72 hours prior to start of study drug administration
Any other condition the investigator believes would interfere with the patient s ability to provide informed consent, comply with study instructions, or which might confound the interpretation of the study results or put the subject at undue risk.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
CAMB (Encochleated Amphotericin B)	Amphotericin B	Encochleated Amphotericin B (200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Clinical Response to Treatment of Mucocutaneous Candidiasis	14-days at highest titrated dose	Number of subjects with a clinical response of clinical cure or improvement. Clinical cure was defined as absence of signs or symptoms of infection. Clinical improvement was defined as follows: * OPC or EC: partial resolution defined as greater than or equal to 50% of Baseline signs or symptoms * VVC: reduction of greater than or equal to 50% of clinical severity score from Baseline Severity of each symptom was graded on a scale from zero (absence of symptoms) to 3 (severe symptoms). The sum of all scores for all symptoms was used as the clinical severity score. Higher scores mean worse outcomes.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)	Single and Multiple Doses (14-days)	Plasma concentration was measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours post-dose
Area Under the Concentration Versus Time Curve From Time 0 to 24 Hours Postdose	Single and Multiple Doses (14-days)	Drug concentration in plasma collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours post-dose
Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax)	Single and Multiple Doses (14-days)	Plasma collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours post-dose
Long-term Adverse Events, Changes in Laboratory Parameters	up to 60 months	Incidence of nephrotoxicity, defined as an increase of greater than 100% of baseline serum creatinine. Incidence of hypokalemia, defined as serum potassium less than or equal to 3mmol/L during or within 3 weeks of completing treatment.