Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Mean Corrected Intraocular Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Normotensive Health Check-up Population
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 2,921
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Mean corrected intraocular pressure (IOP) of both eyes
研究概览
简要总结
Objective: To investigate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and mean corrected intraocular pressure (IOP) in a normotensive health check-up population, and to evaluate potential differences across age and sex strata.
Methods: This cross-sectional study consecutively enrolled adults aged 18-70 years who completed cardiorespiratory fitness testing and ophthalmologic examinations at the Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital between July 1, 2019 and December 31, 2025. Individuals were excluded if they had a history of glaucoma, ocular diseases interfering with IOP measurement, systemic diseases or medications affecting IOP, contraindications to fitness testing, or abnormal blood pressure. A final sample of 2,921 normotensive individuals was included. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max). After age- and sex-stratified grouping, low cardiorespiratory fitness was used as the reference, and the remainder were defined as the moderate-to-high cardiorespiratory fitness group. The primary outcome was the mean corrected IOP of both eyes. Multiple imputation, multivariable linear regression, and age- and sex-stratified analyses were used to evaluate the association.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Other
- 时间视角
- Retrospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 69 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Age 18-70 years;
- •Ability to complete standardized cardiorespiratory fitness testing and provide valid data; and
- •Ability to cooperate with a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination.
排除标准
- •Any history of glaucoma or ocular hypertension, or detection of glaucoma suspect signs such as cup-to-disc ratio ≥0.7, interocular cup-to-disc ratio asymmetry >0.2, or localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects;
- •Ocular diseases or surgical history affecting IOP measurement or optic nerve head assessment, such as corneal disease, uveitis, intraocular surgery, high myopia (spherical equivalent ≤ -6.00 D), or other optic nerve/retinal diseases;
- •Systemic diseases that could significantly interfere with IOP, optic nerve blood supply, or cardiorespiratory function, such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
- •Current use of topical or systemic medications known to affect IOP, including IOP-lowering eyedrops, systemic beta-blockers, or glucocorticoids;
- •Contraindications to cardiorespiratory fitness testing, such as severe musculoskeletal disorders or uncontrolled arrhythmias;
- •A documented history of hypertension, current use of antihypertensive medications, or abnormal blood pressure on a single measurement that did not normalize on re-examination (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure [DBP] ≥90 mmHg); and
- •Missing key study variables that precluded further analysis.
结局指标
主要结局
Mean corrected intraocular pressure (IOP) of both eyes
时间窗: same day 1
次要结局
- Ocular hypertension(same day 1)