Effects of Awareness-based Parenting and Birth Preparation Education Given to Couples on Materna-paternal Bonding, Birthparameters and Postpartum Harmony

According to the Turkish Language Association, the word parent means mother and father. It is also described as a nuclear family and represents the mother and father of a child . The meaning of being a parent is defined as the continuous provision of care, needs and support for a child for development and survival .

Becoming a parent is one of the developmental transition periods that include radical changes and add new roles and responsibilities to an individual's life . This process of change is called the transition to parenthood. Although there are many different views on when the transition to parenthood begins and ends, the most widely accepted view is that it begins with pregnancy for individuals who become mothers/fathers for the first time and ends within a few months after birth. The transition period is followed by the parenthood period .

The transition period to parenthood also brings about parent-infant bonding. The term attachment refers to the ability to establish and maintain an emotionally positive, mutual, and supportive relationship between babies and parents. If the relationship is established appropriately, adults adapt themselves to their babies and babies give adults clues about their needs. This relationship, which develops in the early period, has an important place in the physical, psychological, and intellectual development of the child and continues to be effective throughout life. The family-baby bonding process develops in three periods: pregnancy, birth, and postpartum . During pregnancy, it is important for parents to feel and caress their baby physically, to believe that their baby is in touch with them, to talk to the fetus, to say its name, to think about their baby, to feel positive feelings about their baby, and to imagine their baby's future situation in terms of the development of attachment . It is stated that the attachment that begins during pregnancy gradually increases as the pregnancy progresses and strengthens after the baby is born .In a study examining attachment, it was determined that there was a strong and significant relationship between prenatal attachment and postpartum attachment . Since the conscious emotions created by attachment are motivating during pregnancy and facilitate adaptation to the parenting role, they also positively affect the parent-infant adaptation process . The pregnancy period is seen as an important preparation period in which physiological, psychological, social and emotional changes are experienced for parenthood and adaptation to these changes is required. Especially individuals who will become mothers and fathers for the first time may experience some feelings of uncertainty regarding the changes experienced during pregnancy, birth and the postpartum period. Parents want the pregnancy process to be smooth, the birth to be painless and with high satisfaction . However, during this process, they experience complex emotions such as anxiety, fear, and excitement. Fears usually arise from the possibility of an episiotomy during vaginal birth, the possibility of a tear in the perineum, the pain felt during all these processes, and the responsibilities of being a parent regarding baby care . There are many educational programs that focus on attitudes and behaviors for parents in order to facilitate individuals' adaptation to these changes and to better manage their transition to parenthood. These programs have a positive effect on the individual well-being of parents, their ability to acquire parenting skills in a healthy way, and the healthy development of the child . By supporting the uncertainty of this transition process with educational programs in the prenatal period, family-baby bonding and adaptation can be achieved, and pregnancy, birth and postpartum processes can be continued in a healthy way One of the behavioral intervention programs used to adapt to the changes experienced during pregnancy, birth and postpartum and to continue the transition to parenthood in a healthy way is Conscious Awareness-Based Applications. Conscious awareness is an experiential process in which attention is directed purposefully and consciously to what is happening in the body and mind at that moment, and the content that emerges as a result of these observations is accepted with curiosity, understanding and compassion without judgment, analysis or reaction. According to the Turkish Language Association, the word parent means mother and father. It is also described as a nuclear family and represents the mother and father of a child . The meaning of being a parent is defined as the continuous provision of care, needs and support for a child for development and survival .

Becoming a parent is one of the developmental transition periods that include radical changes and add new roles and responsibilities to an individual's life This process of change is called the transition to parenthood . Although there are many different views on when the transition to parenthood begins and ends, the most widely accepted view is that it begins with pregnancy for individuals who become mothers/fathers for the first time and ends within a few months after birth. The transition period is followed by the parenthood period .

The transition period to parenthood also brings about parent-infant bonding. The term attachment refers to the ability to establish and maintain an emotionally positive, mutual, and supportive relationship between babies and parents. If the relationship is established appropriately, adults adapt themselves to their babies and babies give adults clues about their needs. This relationship, which develops in the early period, has an important place in the physical, psychological, and intellectual development of the child and continues to be effective throughout life. The family-baby bonding process develops in three periods: pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. During pregnancy, it is important for parents to feel and caress their baby physically, to believe that their baby is in touch with them, to talk to the fetus, to say its name, to think about their baby, to feel positive feelings about their baby, and to imagine their baby's future situation in terms of the development of attachment .It is stated that the attachment that begins during pregnancy gradually increases as the pregnancy progresses and strengthens after the baby is born . In a study examining attachment, it was determined that there was a strong and significant relationship between prenatal attachment and postpartum attachment . Since the conscious emotions created by attachment are motivating during pregnancy and facilitate adaptation to the parenting role, they also positively affect the parent-infant adaptation process. The pregnancy period is seen as an important preparation period in which physiological, psychological, social and emotional changes are experienced for parenthood and adaptation to these changes is required. Especially individuals who will become mothers and fathers for the first time may experience some feelings of uncertainty regarding the changes experienced during pregnancy, birth and the postpartum period. Parents want the pregnancy process to be smooth, the birth to be painless and with high satisfaction .However, during this process, they experience complex emotions such as anxiety, fear, and excitement . Fears usually arise from the possibility of an episiotomy during vaginal birth, the possibility of a tear in the perineum, the pain felt during all these processes, and the responsibilities of being a parent regarding baby care .There are many educational programs that focus on attitudes and behaviors for parents in order to facilitate individuals' adaptation to these changes and to better manage their transition to parenthood. These programs have a positive effect on the individual well-being of parents, their ability to acquire parenting skills in a healthy way, and the healthy development of the child. By supporting the uncertainty of this transition process with educational programs in the prenatal period, family-baby bonding and adaptation can be achieved and pregnancy, birth and postpartum processes can be continued in a healthy way . It is a skill that allows us not to be passive towards everything that is happening in the moment and is associated with reducing all levels of suffering and increasing our well-being with all our positive, negative and neutral experiences. Due to the stated effects, these interventions are important for parents to develop awareness and acceptance of thoughts, feelings and body sensations, reduce reactivity, avoid disturbing experiences, accept the roles and responsibilities of parenting in a non-judgmental manner, learn to use mechanisms to cope with the stress of parenting and show compassion to themselves and their children.