The Effectiveness of a Physical Activity Intervention Versus Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Cardiovascular Risk Markers for Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a Feasibility Study
Overview
- Phase
- N/A
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Sponsor
- University Hospitals, Leicester
- Enrollment
- 60
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Fasted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration
- Last Updated
- 7 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The Aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of a future trial comparing the impact of a physical activity intervention and a standard pulmonary rehabilitation programme upon cardiovascular risk and symptoms in COPD. The study involved three groups which are physical activity group, pulmonary rehabilitation group and usual care. The physical activity group and the pulmonary rehabilitation group will complete six-weeks of intervention. The pulmonary rehabilitation group will participate in a standard rehabilitation programme of supervised exercise and education sessions. Physical activity group will be involved in a programme that aims to increase their physical activity level with an increasing step count. Usual care group will be monitored for six-weeks.
Before and after interventions measures will be taken including exercise capacity, body composition, blood tests, arterial stiffness, questionnaires assessing health quality of life, anxiety and depression, symptoms, cardiovascular disease risk.
The investigators will also have a sub-group study. The subgroup study will have two arms interventions which are pulmonary rehabilitation group and physical activity group. The investigators will recruit 10 participants for each group from the main groups' population (no usual care group). Additional before and after measures will be taken for sub-group study and that includes Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning for adipose visceral tissue and postprandial lipaemic response test.
It is hypothesised that exercise and physical activity level can reduce cardiovascular disease risk with COPD patients, but the relative impact of both interventions need to be explored.
Detailed Description
For those with COPD, both physical activity (PA) interventions and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) seem to be promising to potentially lower the risk of CVD. PA interventions seem to be promising in improving outcomes of COPD but there is lack of evidence on how the effectiveness of PA interventions compared with the gold standard intervention of PR. However, the outcomes of both interventions have not been extensively investigated, nor have they been directly compared. The immediate effects of pulmonary rehabilitation and PA interventions on cardiovascular risk factors for individuals with COPD have not been extensively investigated or compared. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of conducting a trial to compare the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation and physical activity interventions in a number of important clinical outcomes including cardiovascular risk. Investigation and data collection will be taking place within University Hospitals of Leicester NHS trust sites. The investigators are aiming to recruit 50 COPD patients who are eligible for a pulmonary rehabilitation programme to investigate the effect of physical activity intervention compared to pulmonary rehabilitation with respect to cardiovascular risks. The study will measure various outcomes, immediately before, immediately after interventions. These outcomes will include measures in aerobic fitness (walking test), strength tests, physical activity level, quality of life, breathlessness questionnaires. In addition, blood sampling and body measurements will be completed. The investigators will also measure arterial stiffness with a non-invasive technique. Arterial stiffness is a hardening of the artery wall. In a subgroup study, 20 participants will have additional visits and measures. The investigators will be doing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diagnostic pictures of the inside of the body which is used for picturing the fat tissue around the abdomen. The investigators will be also doing a postprandial lipaemic test which is testing the fat level in the circulating blood after a high-fat meal. The investigators will do this test as before and after the intervention to allow for comparison.
Investigators
Tareq Alotaibi
Principal investigator
University Hospitals, Leicester
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study
- •Male or Female, aged 40 years to 85 years.
- •Diagnosed with COPD
- •Able (in the Investigators opinion) and willing to comply with all study requirements.
- •Participant is willing to attend visits at baseline and 8 weeks (sub-group: baseline, 8 weeks)
- •Able to read and understand English
Exclusion Criteria
- •Attended a pulmonary rehabilitation programme or participating in a physical activity intervention study in current time or in the last 6 months.
- •Any other significant diseases or disorders that are a contraindication to be enrolled in a pulmonary rehabilitation programme.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Fasted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations before and after the intervention.
Waist circumference
Time Frame: Change from baseline waist circumference at 8 weeks.
Waist circumference will be determined at the narrowest part of the torso above the umbilicus and below the xiphoid process using a measuring tape before and after the intervention.
Fasted high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations before and after the intervention.
Fasted insulin concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted insulin concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure insulin concentrations before and after the intervention.
Arterial stiffness
Time Frame: Change from baseline arterial stiffness at 8 weeks.
Aortic pulse wave velocity will be used to assess arterial stiffness, an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. A noninvasive device (Vicorder) will be used to assess arterial stiffness which measures pulse wave velocity between the carotid and the femoral arteries.
Fasted triglyceride concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted triglyceride concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure triglyceride concentrations before and after the intervention.
Fasted glucose concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted glucose concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure glucose concentrations before and after the intervention.
Step counts per day
Time Frame: Change from baseline step counts per day at 8 weeks.
Physical activity level (step count per day) will be measured using an actigraph physical activity monitor. Participants will wear the device for one week on two occasions at week 1 (before the intervention) and week 8 (after the intervention).
Fasted total cholesterol concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted total cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure total cholesterol concentrations before and after the intervention.
Body fat percentage
Time Frame: Change from baseline body fat percentage at 8 weeks.
Body fat in percentage will be measured in %BF using bioelectrical impedance analysis before and after the intervention.
Fasted C-reactive protein concentration
Time Frame: Change from baseline fasted C-reactive protein concentration at 8 weeks.
A fasted blood sample will be drawn to measure C-reactive protein concentrations before and after the intervention.
Weight
Time Frame: Change from baseline weight at 8 weeks.
Weight in kilograms will be measured using an electronic measuring station before and after the intervention.
Body mass index
Time Frame: Change from baseline body mass index at 8 weeks.
Height in cm and weight in kilograms will be measured and combined to calculate body mass index in kg/m\^2 before and after the intervention.
Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale
Time Frame: Change from baseline MRC dyspnoea scale at 8 weeks.
The Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale is a questionnaire that assesses how breathlessness affects COPD patient mobility. The questionnaire will be completed before and after the intervention. The scale range from 1 to 5. as 5 is the worse.
Borg Breathlessness score
Time Frame: Change from baseline Borg breathlessness score at 8 weeks.
The Borg breathlessness scale is a questionnaire that assesses pateint breathlessness. The questionnaire will be completed before and after the intervention. The scale range is from 0 to 10 as 0 no difficulty in breathing and 10 is the maximum breathlessness score.
Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire Self-Reported(CRQ-SR)
Time Frame: Change from baseline CRQ-SR at 8 weeks.
CRQ-SR is used to measure the health status of COPD patients. The questionnaire will be completed before and after the intervention.
Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ)
Time Frame: Change from baseline BCKQ at 8 weeks.
BCKQ is a questionnaire that is used to assess the knowledge that is appropriate for COPD patients. The questionnaire will be completed before and after the intervention.
The Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT)
Time Frame: Change from baseline exercise capacity at 8 weeks.
The Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT) in meters will be completed before and after the intervention to assess exercise capacity.
COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Questionnaire
Time Frame: Change from baseline CAT at 8 weeks.
The CAT questionnaire it is designed to measure the impact of COPD on a person's life. The questionnaire will be completed before and after the intervention.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Adapted Index of Self-Efficacy (PRAISE)
Time Frame: Change from baseline PRAISE at 8 weeks.
PRAISE is a tool that predicts the reduction in sedentary time following pulmonary rehabilitation in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). UIt will be completed before and after the intervention.
The endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT)
Time Frame: Change from baseline exercise capacity at 8 weeks.
The endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) in minutes will be completed before and after the intervention to assess exercise capacity.
QRISK2 questionnaire
Time Frame: Change from baseline QRISK2 questionnaire at 8 weeks.
QRISK2 is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score which is designed to estimate the risk of a person developing CVD over the next 10 years. This will be assessed using a short questionnaire before and after the intervention.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Time Frame: Change from baseline HADS at 8 weeks.
HADS is a self-rating scale that measures anxiety and depression. The questionnaire will be completed before and after the intervention. The scale score range from 0 to 21. 0-7 considered normal, 8 to 10 is considered borderline abnormal and 11 to 21 is considered abnormal.
Secondary Outcomes
- Postprandial triglyceride concentrations (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial triglyceride concentration at 8 weeks.)
- Postprandial total insulin concentration (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial insulin concentration at 8 weeks.)
- Postprandial high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial high-density lipoprotein concentration level at 8 weeks.)
- Visceral adipose tissue(Baseline visceral adipose tissue)
- Postprandial total cholesterol concentration (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial total cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.)
- Postprandial low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.)
- Postprandial total C-reactive protein concentration (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial C-reactive protein concentration at 8 weeks.)
- Postprandial total glucose concentration (sub-group only)(Change from baseline postprandial glucose concentration at 8 weeks.)