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A Prospective Randomized Comparison of HDAC Vs AD in the Induction Chemothrapy for AML.

Phase 3
Conditions
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Interventions
Drug: Hign dose Daunorubicin
Registration Number
NCT03507842
Lead Sponsor
Asan Medical Center
Brief Summary

This trial is a single-center, non-blind, two-arm randomized prospective controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of two induction chemotherapy regimens (high-dose cytarabine plus daunorubicin \[HDAC\] vs. cytarabine plus high-dose daunorubicin \[AD\]) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The primary hypothesis of the study is that AD is superior to HDAC in terms of event-free survival (EFS, time from registration to induction failure, relapse, or death).

Detailed Description

* Induction chemotherapy

* Arm I \[HDAC\]: cytarabine 3.0 g/m2 q12hr 3-hour iv infusion on days 1, 3, 5 plus daunorubicin 45 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 3 days (D1-3).

* Arm II \[AD\]: cytarabine 200 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 7 days (D1-7) plus daunorubicin 90 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 3 days (D1-3).

* Interim bone marrow examination Interim bone marrow aspiration and biopsy will be done between 14 and 21 days after start of induction chemotherapy. If bone marrow has blasts \< 10%, no additional chemotherapy will be given until the recovery of blood counts (absolute neutrophil counts rise over 1,000/μL and platelet counts over 100,000/μL) or post-induction day 35, when bone marrow examination will be repeated to evaluate CR. After the marrow examination, re-induction course will be given. If interim bone marrow examination shows persistent leukemia (blasts ≥ 10%), re-induction course could be given. Patients who did not attain CR after the re-induction chemotherapy will be eliminated from the study.

* Re-induction chemotherapy

* Cytarabine 200 mg/m2/day iv infusion for 5 days (D1-5) plus daunorubicin 45 mg/m2/day iv infusion for 2 days (D1-2) Post-remission consolidation chemotherapy

* Adverse risk group: up to 3 courses of intermediate-dose cytarabine (1.0 g/m2/day iv for 5 days \[D1-5\]) plus etoposide (150 mg/m2/day iv for 3 days \[D1-3\])

* Favorable/intermediate risk group: up to 3 courses of high-dose cytarabine (3.0 g/m2/day q12 hr iv for 3 days \[D1, 3, 5\])

* Autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can be performed based on the risk of relapse.

* The bone marrow examination will be done after the completion of consolidation chemotherapy or before HCT.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
380
Inclusion Criteria
  • Previously-untreated AML (≥ 20% blasts in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood)
  • Age of 15 years or older, 60 years or younger
  • Adequate performance status (Karnofsky score of 50 or more)
  • Adequate hepatic and renal function (AST, ALT, and bilirubin < 2.5 x upper normal limit and creatinine < 2.0 mg/dL & creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min). Elevation of AST or ALT due to hepatic infiltration of leukemic cells will be permitted.
  • Adequate cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction ≥45% on heart scan or echocardiogram)
  • Signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients with history of chemotherapy for leukemia or cytarabine and anthracycline treatment for any malignancy. Hydroxyurea for reduction of leukemic cell burden before induction chemotherapy will be permitted.
  • Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
  • Patients with blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia
  • Patients with central nervous system (CNS) leukemia or granulocytic sarcoma without bone marrow involvement
  • Presence of uncontrolled and/or severe medical condition (infection, bleeding, cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction within previous 6 months.)
  • Nursing women, pregnant women, women of childbearing potential who do not want adequate contraception
  • Patients with a diagnosis of prior malignancy unless disease-free for at least 5 years following therapy with curative intent (except curatively treated nonmelanoma skin cancer, in situ carcinoma, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia)

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
high-dose daunorubicinHign dose Daunorubicincytarabine 200 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 7 days (D1-7) plus high-dose daunorubicin 90 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 3 days (D1-3).
High-dose cytarabineHigh dose CytarabineHigh-dose cytarabine 3.0 g/m2 q12hr 3-hour iv infusion on days 1, 3, 5 plus daunorubicin 45 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 3 days (D1-3).
high-dose daunorubicinCytarabinecytarabine 200 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 7 days (D1-7) plus high-dose daunorubicin 90 mg/m2/day continuous iv infusion for 3 days (D1-3).
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cumulative incidence of relapse3 years

defined for all patients achieving CR; measured from the date of CR achievement until the date of relapse; patients not known to have relapsed are censored on the date they were last examined; patients who died without relapse are counted as a competing cause of failure

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Event-free survival3years

Defined for all patients; measured from the starting date of registration to the date of induction treatment failure, or relapse from CR, or death from any cause; patients not known to have any of these events are censored on the date they were examined

Overall survival3years

Defined for all patients; measured from the starting date of registration to the date of death from any cause-patients not known to have died at last follow-up are censored on the date they were last known to be alive

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

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