Effects of Different Visual-perceptual-motor Training Courses on Kindergarten Children
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Agraphia
- Sponsor
- National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
- Enrollment
- 180
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- The Chinese character recognition Test
- Status
- Recruiting
- Last Updated
- 2 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The study aims to investigate the effects of different visuomotor training programs on children's visuomotor skills and handwriting performance.
Detailed Description
The purpose of this project is to investigate the effectiveness of visuomotor activities with different activity materials on fine motor, visual perception, visual-motor integration and handwriting performance of kindergarten children. Kindergarteners will be randomized into the three groups: control, Chinese, and traditional groups. Children in the Chinese and traditional groups will receive a visual perceptual motor training program twice every week for 12 weeks and those in the control group will not receive any intervention during the study period. in the end of fall semester of the first grade, the effectiveness of the interventional programs on handwriting performance of participants will be examined again.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Kindergarten children who will study the first grade in coming September
- •Both parents are native Mandarin Chinese speakers
Exclusion Criteria
- •A diagnosis of significant neurological, muscular, and skeletal system disorders
- •Visual or hearing problems that cannot be corrected to be normal
- •Genetic or chromosomal abnormality
- •Significant neurological, muscular, and skeletal damage to the trunk or upper extremities
- •moderate or severe intellectual disabilities
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
The Chinese character recognition Test
Time Frame: baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year
the change of the Chinese character recognition ability
The Chinese Handwriting Test
Time Frame: baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year
the change of the handwriting performance
The Chinese Handwriting Evaluation Form (School-aged version)
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
the change of handwriting skills by teacher's rating
The Battery of Chinese Basic Literacy
Time Frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
the change of reading and handwriting skills
The Chinese Handwriting Evaluation Form (preschool version)
Time Frame: baseline, after 12-week intervention
the change of handwriting performance by kindergarten teacher's rating
Secondary Outcomes
- The Berry-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration- Forth Edition (VMI)(baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year)
- Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-Fourth Edition (TVPS-4)(baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year)
- The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition (BOT-2)(baseline, after 12-week intervention, through study completion, an average of 1 year)