Investigation of the Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis
• Interventions: Other: Motor Imagery training; Other: Action Observation training; Other: standard rehabilitation

• Registration Number: NCT05377476
• Lead Sponsor: Hacettepe University

Brief Summary

It was planned to examine the effects of motor imagery and action observation applied in addition to standard rehabilitation in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis on walking, fatigue, and muscle oxygenation.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2022-05-12
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-05-16
• Study First Posted: 2022-05-17
• Study Start: 2022-06-01
• Primary Completion: 2023-12-29
• Study Completion: 2024-07-01
• Status Verified: 2025-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-03-22
• Last Update Posted: 2025-03-26

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 48

Inclusion Criteria

• Being between the ages of 18-65
• A definitive diagnosis of MS by a neurologist according to the 2017 McDonald Criteria
• Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 4.0 and below (it is determined routinely by the physician during the examination)
• Not having an attack in the last 3 months
• A minimum score of 4 in each motor imagery ability (internal visual imagery, external visual imagery, and kinesthetic imagery) on the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3)

Exclusion Criteria

• cognitive impairment, defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of less than 24
• Having another musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, or neurological disease severe enough to preclude participation in the study.
• Having severe vision and hearing problems

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Motor Imagery Group	Motor Imagery training	Individuals included in this group will receive 20 minutes of motor imagery training in addition to 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation. Patients will be trained 3 days a week for 6 weeks.
Action Observation Group	Action Observation training	Individuals included in this group will receive 20 minutes of action observation training in addition to 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation. Patients will be trained 3 days a week for 6 weeks.
Action Observation Group	standard rehabilitation	Individuals included in this group will receive 20 minutes of action observation training in addition to 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation. Patients will be trained 3 days a week for 6 weeks.
Control Group	standard rehabilitation	Individuals included in this group will receive only 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation. Patients will be trained 3 days a week for 6 weeks.
Motor Imagery Group	standard rehabilitation	Individuals included in this group will receive 20 minutes of motor imagery training in addition to 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation. Patients will be trained 3 days a week for 6 weeks.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
6 Min Walking Test	6 week	It will be used to measure walking distance. Before the test is administered, individuals will be given the necessary information and will be asked to walk as fast as possible on a 30-meter track for 6 minutes.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Timed Up and Go Test	6 week	It will be used to evaluate the dynamic balance of individuals while walking. Individuals will be asked to stand up from the chair they are sitting on without support and walk a distance of 3 meters, then return from the designated area and sit on the chair without support.
Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12	6 week	It is a scale used to measure perceived walking ability.
RehaGait® (Hasomed, Magdeburg, Germany) Gait Analysis	6 week	The device gives about the time-distance characteristics and kinematic data of the gait.
Fatigue Severity Scale	6 week	It is a scale that evaluates the extent to which fatigue affects the daily functions of MS patients. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 7, while the highest score is 63. It is accepted that the severity of fatigue increases as the total score increases.
Measurement of Muscle Oxygenation	6 week	It will be measured over the Quadriceps muscle with the MOXY Monitor Device. The Moxy muscle oxygen monitor is a lightweight (42 g) and small (dimensions: 61 × 44 × 21 mm) device that measures regional blood flow and oxygenation by placing it on the skin non-invasively with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hacettepe University; 🇹🇷 Ankara, Turkey