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Inhaled Sedation in COVID-19-related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ISCA): an International Research Data Study in the Recent Context of Widespread Disease Resulting From the 2019 (SARS-CoV2) Coronavirus Pandemics (COVID-19)

Completed
Conditions
Critically Illness
Sedation
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Interventions
Drug: Intravenous sedation
Drug: Inhaled sedation
Registration Number
NCT04383730
Lead Sponsor
University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand
Brief Summary

The authors hypothesized that inhaled sedation, either with isoflurane or sevoflurane, might be associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, compared to intravenous sedation.

The authors therefore designed the "Inhaled Sedation for COVID-19-related ARDS" (ISCA) non-interventional, observational, multicenter study of data collected from the patients' medical records in order to:

1. assess the efficacy of inhaled sedation in improving a composite outcome of mortality and time off the ventilator at 28 days in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, in comparison to a control group receiving intravenous sedation (primary objective),

2. investigate the effects of inhaled sedation, compared to intravenous sedation, on lung function as assessed by gas exchange and physiologic measures in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS (secondary objective),

3. report sedation practice patterns in critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemics (secondary objective).

Detailed Description

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe and lethal complication of COVID-19, and healthcare resource utilizations are currently being heavily challenged in most countries worldwide, with a high risk that some intensive care resources, such as the number of ventilators to allow management all patients, may be insufficient to face the current surge in ARDS cases. There is, therefore, an urgent need to evaluate candidate therapies that may impact clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS and potentially be relevant to current public health issues, in accordance with the international efforts by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Global research on coronavirus disease) and most international public health organizations. Beyond the current efforts to find specific antiviral therapies or vaccines, improving supportive care and treatment options for patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, in accordance with up-to-date guidelines on the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 (Surviving Sepsis Campaign: Guidelines on the Management of Critically Ill Adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019; The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) COVID-19 Guidelines; Recommandations d'experts SRLF-SFAR-SFMU-GFRUP-SPILF sur la prise en charge en réanimation des patients en période d'épidémie à SARS-CoV2), is of major importance.

Indeed, given the number of intensive care unit (ICU) patients for whom the question of sedation applies during the current COVID-19 outbreak, any sedation practice that would be associated with improved clinical outcomes could have significant economic and public health implications. In this perspective, the rationale supporting inhaled sedation with halogenated agents (such as isoflurane or sevoflurane) as a way to improve lung function, to decrease the inflammatory response, and to possibly improve patient outcome is strong.

The authors hypothesized that inhaled sedation, either with isoflurane or sevoflurane, might be associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, compared to intravenous sedation. The authors, therefore, designed the "Inhaled Sedation for COVID-19-related ARDS" (ISCA) non-interventional, observational, multicenter study of data collected from the patients' medical records in order to :

1. assess the efficacy of inhaled sedation in improving a composite outcome of mortality and time off the ventilator at 28 days in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, in comparison to a control group receiving intravenous sedation (primary objective),

2. investigate the effects of inhaled sedation, compared to intravenous sedation, on lung function as assessed by gas exchange and physiologic measures in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS (secondary objective),

3. report sedation practice patterns in critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemics (secondary objective).

This study will be performed in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
203
Inclusion Criteria
  • Adult patients (18 years old),
  • Admitted to a participating ICU (or any other ICU-like setting that may be deployed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemics, such as in the operating room, post-anesthesia care unit, step-down unit or any COVID-19-specific unit set in response to the pandemics in a participating center),
  • Requiring invasive mechanical ventilation,
  • With suspected or confirmed COVID-19 on day 0.
Exclusion Criteria
  • None

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Usual practice of intravenous sedationIntravenous sedationThe choice of the intravenous sedative agent, including the type of and dosing of the agent, will be as per the treating clinicians at each center
Usual practice of inhaled sedationInhaled sedationThe choice of the inhaled sedative agent, including the type of and dosing of the agent, will be as per the treating clinicians at each center.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of days off the ventilator (VFD28, for ventilator-free days), taking into account death as a competing eventDay 28 after inclusion

Ventilator-free days to day 28 are defined as the number of days from the time of initiating unassisted breathing to day 28 after intubation, assuming survival for at least two consecutive calendar days after initiating unassisted breathing and continued unassisted breathing to day 28. If a patient returns to assisted breathing and subsequently achieves unassisted breathing to day 28, VFDs will be counted from the end of the last period of assisted breathing to day 28. A period of assisted breathing lasting less than 24 hours and for the purpose of a surgical procedure will not count against the VFD calculation. If a patient was receiving assisted breathing at day 27 or died prior to day 28, VFDs will be zero. Patients transferred to another hospital or other health care facility will be followed to day 28 to assess this endpoint.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Physiological measures of lung functionDays 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 from inclusion

If available, 100 ms occlusion pressure (P0.1), a marker of respiratory drive

Development of complicationsDay 7 from inclusion

New onset atrial fibrillation

Duration of renal replacement therapyDay 28 after inclusion

Total duration (in days)of renal replacement therapy

Duration (in days) of any adjuvant therapiesDay 7 from inclusion

Adjuvant therapies are defined as: prone position, recruitment maneuvers, inhaled nitric oxide, inhaled epoprostenol sodium, high frequency ventilation, ECMO, neuromuscular blockade

All-cause mortalityDays 7, 14, and 28 after inclusion

All-cause mortality

Ventilator-free daysDays 7 and 14 after inclusion

Ventilator-free days to days 7 and 14 are defined as the number of days from the time of initiating unassisted breathing to day 7 and 14 after intubation, assuming survival for at least two consecutive calendar days after initiating unassisted breathing and continued unassisted breathing to days 7 and 14 If a patient returns to assisted breathing and subsequently achieves unassisted breathing to days 7 and 14 , VFDs will be counted from the end of the last period of assisted breathing to days 7 and 14. A period of assisted breathing lasting less than 24 hours and for the purpose of a surgical procedure will not count against the VFD calculation. If a patient was receiving assisted breathing at day 6 or 13 or died prior to days 7 and 14, respectively,VFDs to days 7 and 14 will be zero. Patients transferred to another hospital or other health care facility will be followed to days 7 and 14 to assess this endpoint.

ICU-free daysDay 28 after inclusion

Number of days alive and not in the ICU from inclusion to day 28

Duration of invasive mechanical ventilationDay 28 after inclusion

Total duration of controlled mechanical ventilation to day 28

Duration of controlled mechanical ventilationDay 28 after inclusion

Total duration of controlled mechanical ventilation to day 28

Duration of vasopressor useDay 28 after inclusion

Total duration (in days) of vasopressor use

Duration of continuous neuromuscular blockadeDay 28 from inclusion

Number of days with continuous neuromuscular blockade

Type of sedation practicesDay 28 from inclusion

Sedation drug(s) used (name(s))

Duration of sedation practicesDay 28 from inclusion

Number of days with sedation

Modalities of sedation practicesDay 28 from inclusion

If inhaled sedation, device used to deliver it

Trial Locations

Locations (10)

CH Privé de la Loire

🇫🇷

Saint-Étienne, France

Centre Hospitalier

🇫🇷

Dunkerque, France

Universitätsklinikum

🇩🇪

Oldenburg, Germany

Universitätsspital

🇨🇭

Zürich, Switzerland

Cantonal Hospital

🇨🇭

Münsterlingen, Switzerland

CHU

🇫🇷

Clermont-Ferrand, France

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Inc.

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital - APHP

🇫🇷

Paris, France

University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein

🇩🇪

Kiel, Germany

Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia

🇪🇸

Valencia, Spain

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