A Study of ASP2215 (Gilteritinib) by Itself, ASP2215 Combined With Azacitidine or Azacitidine by Itself to Treat Adult Patients Who Have Recently Been Diagnosed With Acute Myeloid Leukemia With a FLT3 Gene Mutation and Who Cannot Receive Standard Chemotherapy

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Acute Myeloid Leukemia With FMS-like Tyrosine Kinase (FLT3) Mutation

Interventions: Drug: gilteritinib
Drug: azacitidine

Registration Number: NCT02752035

Lead Sponsor: Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc.

Brief Summary: This is a clinical study for adult patients who have recently been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia or AML. AML is a type of cancer. It is when bone marrow makes white blood cells that are not normal. These are called leukemia cells. Some patients with AML have a mutation, or change, in the FLT3 gene. This gene helps leukemia cells make a protein called FLT3. This protein causes the leukemia cells to grow faster.

For patients with AML who cannot receive standard chemotherapy, azacitidine (also known as Vidaza®) is a current standard of care treatment option in the United States. This clinical study is testing an experimental medicine called ASP2215, also known as gilteritinib. Gilteritinib works by stopping the leukemia cells from making the FLT3 protein. This can help stop the leukemia cells from growing faster.

This study will compare two different treatments. Patients are assigned to one of these two groups by chance: a medicine called azacitidine, also known as Vidaza®, or an experimental medicine gilteritinib in combination with azacitidine. There is a twice as much chance to receive both medicines combined than azacitidine alone. The clinical study may help show which treatment helps patients live longer.

Detailed Description: Patients considered an adult according to local regulation at the time of obtaining informed consent may participate in the study.

Safety Cohort Prior to initiation of the randomized trial, 8 to 12 patients will be enrolled to evaluate the safety and tolerability of ASP2215 given with azacitidine therapy in the study population.

Randomized Trial Approximately 250 patients will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive ASP2215 plus azacitidine (Arm AC) or azacitidine only (Arm C). Patients will enter the screening period up to 14 days prior to the start of treatment. Patients will be administered treatment over 28-day cycles.

Earlier protocol versions included a 1:1:1 randomization ratio to receive Arm A: ASP2215, Arm AC: ASP2215 + azacitidine or Arm C: azacitidine. Patients previously randomized to Arm A should continue following treatment and assessments as outlined in the protocol.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 183

Inclusion Criteria

Subject is considered an adult according to local regulation at the time of obtaining informed consent.
Subject has a diagnosis of previously-untreated AML according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification [Swerdlow et al, 2008] as determined by pathology review at the treating institution.
Subject is positive for FLT3 mutation (internal tandem duplication [ITD] or tyrosine kinase domain [TKD] [D835/I836] mutation) (or for Korea only: ITD alone or ITD with concurrent TKD activating mutation) in bone marrow or whole blood as determined by central laboratory. Note: Only requirement of FLT3 mutation assessment by central laboratory is only applicable to the randomization portion of the study.
Subject is ineligible for intensive induction chemotherapy by meeting at least 1 of the following criteria:
- Subject is ≥ 65 years of age and ineligible for intensive induction chemotherapy.
- Subject is ≥ 18 to 64 years of age and has any of the following comorbidities: [Ex-US Only]: Congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association {NYHA} class ≤ 3) or ejection fraction (Ef) ≤ 50%; [US Only]: Severe cardiac disorder e.g. congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class ≤ 3) requiring treatment, ejection fraction ≤ 50%, or chronic stable angina; [Ex-US Only]: Creatinine > 2 mg/dL (177 µmol/L), dialysis or prior renal transplant; [US Only]: Creatinine clearance < 45 mL/min; ECOG performance status ≥ 2;
- [Ex-US Only]: Known pulmonary disease with decreased diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and/or requiring oxygen ≤ 2 liters per minute; [US Only] Severe pulmonary disorder (e.g., diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide [DLCO] ≤ 65% or forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1] ≤ 65%); Prior or current malignancy that does not require concurrent treatment; Subject has received a cumulative anthracycline dose above 400 mg/m2 of doxorubicin (or cumulative maximum dose of another anthracycline). Any other comorbidity incompatible with intensive chemotherapy must be reviewed and approved by the Medical Monitor during screening and before randomization.
Subject must meet the following criteria as indicated on the clinical laboratory tests:
- Serum AST and ALT ≤ 3.0 x Institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
- Serum total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x Institutional ULN
- Serum potassium ≥ Institutional lower limit of normal (LLN)
- Serum magnesium ≥ Institutional LLN Repletion of potassium and magnesium levels during the screening period is allowed.
Subject is suitable for oral administration of study drug.
Female subject is eligible to participate if female subject is not pregnant and at least one of the following conditions applies:
- Not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP); OR
- WOCBP agrees to follow the contraceptive guidance starting at screening and continue throughout the study period, and for at least 180 days after the final study drug administration.
Female subject must agree not to breastfeed starting at screening and throughout the study period, and for 60 days after the final study drug administration.
Female subject must not donate ova starting at screening and throughout the study period, and for 180 days after the final study drug administration.
Male subject with female partners of childbearing potential must agree to use contraception as detailed in Contraception Requirements, starting at screening and continue throughout the study period, and for 120 days after the final study drug administration.
Male subject must not donate sperm starting at screening and throughout the study period and for 120 days after the final study drug administration.
Subject agrees not to participate in another interventional study while on treatment.

Exclusion Criteria

Subject was diagnosed as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
Subject has BCR-ABL-positive leukemia (chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis).
Subject has received previous therapy for AML, with the exception of the following:
- Emergency leukapheresis
- Hydroxyurea
- Preemptive treatment with retinoic acid prior to exclusion of APL ≤ 7 days
- Growth factor or cytokine support
- Steroids
Subject has clinically active central nervous system leukemia.
Subject has been diagnosed with another malignancy that requires concurrent treatment (with the exception of hormone therapy limited to those therapies that prevent recurrence and/or spread of cancer) or hepatic malignancy regardless of need for treatment.
Subject requires treatment with concomitant drugs that are strong inducers of cytochrome P450 CYP3A/P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Subject requires treatment with concomitant drugs that are strong inhibitors or inducers of P-gp with the exception of drugs that are considered absolutely essential for the care of the subject.
Subject requires treatment with concomitant drugs that target serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5HT2BR) or sigma nonspecific receptor with the exception of drugs that are considered absolutely essential for the care of the subject.
Subject has congestive heart failure classified as New York Heart Association Class IV.
Subject with mean Fridericia-corrected QT interval (QTcF) > 480 ms at screening based on central reading.
Subject with a history of Long QT Syndrome at screening.
[Ex-US Only]: Subject has known pulmonary function tests with diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ≤ 50%, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) ≤ 60%, dyspnea at rest or requiring oxygen or any pleural neoplasm (Transient use of supplemental oxygen is allowed.)
Subject has active hepatitis B or C or other active hepatic disorder.
- Subjects with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or detectable hepatitis B DNA are not eligible.
- Subjects with negative HBsAg, positive hepatitis B core antibody and negative hepatitis B surface antibody will be eligible if hepatitis B DNA is undetectable.
- Subjects with antibodies to hepatitis C virus will be eligible if hepatitis C RNA is undetectable
Subject has any condition which makes the subject unsuitable for study participation, including any contraindications of azacitidine.
Subject has a known or suspected hypersensitivity to ASP2215, azacitidine or any components of the formulations used.
[US Only]: Subject is ≥ 65 to 74 years of age, suitable for and willing to receive intensive induction chemotherapy.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Arm AC: ASP2215 + azacitidine	gilteritinib	Subjects will be treated with ASP2215 daily and azacitidine daily for 7 days (days 1-7) each 28-day cycle.
Dose escalation of ASP2215 given with azacitidine	gilteritinib	Subjects will be treated with ASP2215 daily (days 1-28) and azacitidine daily for 7 days (days 1-7).
Arm AC: ASP2215 + azacitidine	azacitidine	Subjects will be treated with ASP2215 daily and azacitidine daily for 7 days (days 1-7) each 28-day cycle.
Dose escalation of ASP2215 given with azacitidine	azacitidine	Subjects will be treated with ASP2215 daily (days 1-28) and azacitidine daily for 7 days (days 1-7).
Arm A: ASP2215	gilteritinib	Subjects will be treated daily each 28-day cycle.
Arm C: azacitidine	azacitidine	Subjects will be treated with azacitidine for 7 days (days 1-7) each 28-day cycle.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Overall survival (OS)	Up to 77 months	OS is defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death from any cause.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Composite complete remission (CRc) rate	Up to 48 months	CRc rate is defined as the number of patients with all complete and incomplete CRs (i.e., CR + Complete remission with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp) + Complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery (Cri)).
Transfusion maintenance rate	Up to 49 months	Transfusion maintenance rate is defined as the number of patients who were transfusion independent at the baseline period and still maintain transfusion independence at the post-baseline period divided by the number of patients who were transfusion independent at baseline period.
Event free survival (EFS)	Up to 77 months	EFS is defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of documented relapse from complete remission (CR), treatment failure or death from any cause, whichever occurs first.
Leukemia free survival (LFS)	Up to 77 months	LFS is defined as the time from the date of first composite complete remission (CRc) until the date of documented relapse or death for subjects who achieve CRc.
Number of participants with abnormal vital signs and/or adverse events related to treatment	Up to 48 months
Number of participants with Physical Exam abnormalities and/or adverse events	Up to 48 months	Number of participants with potentially clinically significant physical exam values.
Best response	Up to 48 months	Best response is defined as the best measured response (in the order of CR, CRp, Cri or treatment failure defined by lack of composite complete remission (CRc)) from all post-baseline visits.
Complete remission with partial hematologic recovery (CRh) rate	Up to 48 months	CRh rate is defined as the number of patients who achieve CRh at any of the post-baseline visits and do not have best response of CR divided by the number of patients in the analysis population.
Safety assessed by electrocardiograms (ECGs)	Up to 48 months	The 12-lead ECGs will be recorded in triplicate (3 separate ECGs) and transmitted electronically for central reading. The mean of the triplicate ECG from central read will be used for all final treatment decisions and adverse event reporting.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score	Up to 48 months	ECOG performance status measured on 6 point scale to assess participant's performance status. 0=Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease activities without restriction; 1=Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature; 2= Ambulatory and capable of all self-care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours; 3=Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours; 4=Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self-care. Totally confined to bed or chair; 5=Dead. 0=Best status; 5=Worst status.
Complete remission (CR) rate	Up to 48 months	Complete remission rate is defined as the number of patients with all complete CRs.
Transfusion conversion rate	Up to 49 months	Transfusion conversion rate is defined as the number of patients who were transfusion dependent at the baseline period but become transfusion independent at the post-baseline period divided by the total number of patients who were transfusion dependent at baseline period.
Safety assessed by adverse events (AEs)	Up to 49 months
Number of participants with abnormal laboratory values and/or adverse events related to treatment	Up to 48 months
Complete remission and complete remission with partial hematological recovery (CR/CRh) rate	Up to 48 months	CR/CRh rate is defined as the number of patients who achieve either CR or CRh at any of the post-baseline visits divided by the number of patients in the analysis population.
Duration of remission	Up to 48 months	Duration of remission includes duration of CRc, CR, Cri, CRp and response (CRc + partial response \[PR\]). Duration of CRc is defined as the time from the date of first CRc until the date of documented relapse for subjects who achieve CRc. Duration of remission is similarly defined for CR, Cri and CRp.
Participant reported fatigue from Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI)	Up to 48 months	The BFI was developed to assess the severity of fatigue and the impact of fatigue on daily functioning in subjects with fatigue due to cancer and cancer treatment The BFI inventory has 9 items and a 24-hour recall. A global fatigue score is computed by averaging the 9 items.

Trial Locations

Locations (111): Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Rush University Medical Center
🇺🇸
Chicago, Illinois, United States
UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine
🇺🇸
Los Angeles, California, United States
Hackensack University Medical Center - John Theurer Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Hackensack, New Jersey, United States
Site AU61008
🇦🇺
Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Site PL48002
🇵🇱
Opole, Opolskie, Poland
Site ES34007
🇪🇸
Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
Site BE32003
🇧🇪
Bruxelles, Bruxelles-Capitale, Region De, Belgium
Site FR33002
🇫🇷
Pessac, Gironde, France
Site FR33001
🇫🇷
Nantes cedex 01, Loire-Atlantique, France
Site FR33017
🇫🇷
Le Mans, Sarthe, France
Site DE49007
🇩🇪
Munchen, Bayern, Germany
Site CA15009
🇨🇦
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Site CA15002
🇨🇦
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Site CA15006
🇨🇦
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Site FR33003
🇫🇷
Nimes Cedex 09, Gard, France
Site FR33023
🇫🇷
Valenciennes, Nord, France
Site FR33012
🇫🇷
Poitiers, Vienne, France
Site FR33006
🇫🇷
Lille, France
Site DE49004
🇩🇪
Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
Site IT39001
🇮🇹
Napoli, Italy
Site JP81007
🇯🇵
Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Site JP81031
🇯🇵
Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
GHS Cancer Institute
🇺🇸
Greenville, South Carolina, United States
Site TW88609
🇨🇳
Tainan, Taiwan
Site IT39004
🇮🇹
Milano, Italy
Site IT39011
🇮🇹
San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
Site JP81008
🇯🇵
Fukuoka, Japan
Site KR82013
🇰🇷
Seoul, Seoul Teugbyeolsi, Korea, Republic of
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
🇺🇸
New York, New York, United States
Site TW88608
🇨🇳
Taipei, Taiwan
Site BE32006
🇧🇪
Gent, Belgium
Site FR33013
🇫🇷
Pierre-Benite, Rhone, France
Site JP81027
🇯🇵
Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
Site JP81021
🇯🇵
Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan
Site JP81033
🇯🇵
Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
Site JP81011
🇯🇵
Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
Site KR82006
🇰🇷
Seoul, Seoul Teugbyeolsi, Korea, Republic of
Site KR82014
🇰🇷
Busan, Korea, Republic of
Hematology-Oncology Associates of Northern NJ
🇺🇸
Morristown, New Jersey, United States
Site JP81014
🇯🇵
Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Site DE49002
🇩🇪
Tuebingen, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
Site JP81018
🇯🇵
Anjo, Aichi, Japan
Site JP81034
🇯🇵
Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
Site KR82003
🇰🇷
Namdong, Incheon Gwang'yeogsiv, Korea, Republic of
Site PL48004
🇵🇱
Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland
Site AU61007
🇦🇺
Geelong, Victoria, Australia
Site TW88610
🇨🇳
Taipei, Taiwan
Site IT39012
🇮🇹
Firenze, Italy
Site IT39005
🇮🇹
Pavia, Italy
Site JP81035
🇯🇵
Chiba, Japan
Site JP81030
🇯🇵
Osaka, Japan
Site JP81026
🇯🇵
Tokushima, Japan
Site JP81019
🇯🇵
Toyama, Japan
Site KR82010
🇰🇷
Hwasun-gun, Korea, Republic of
Site KR82015
🇰🇷
Seongnam-si, Korea, Republic of
Site ES34003
🇪🇸
Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
Site JP81005
🇯🇵
Kumamoto, Japan
Site JP81017
🇯🇵
Nagasaki, Japan
Site TW88605
🇨🇳
Kwei Shan Hsiang, Taiwan
LDS Hospital
🇺🇸
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Site DE49011
🇩🇪
Stuttgart, Germany
University of California, Irvine Medical Center
🇺🇸
Orange, California, United States
St. Louis University Cancer Center - Hematology/Oncology
🇺🇸
Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
🇺🇸
Buffalo, New York, United States
Weill Cornell Medical College-New York Presbyterian Hospital
🇺🇸
New York, New York, United States
Site AU61004
🇦🇺
Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
Site BE32007
🇧🇪
Brussel, Bruxelles, Belgium
Site CA15011
🇨🇦
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Site FR33018
🇫🇷
Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, France
Site FR33015
🇫🇷
Rouen, Haute-Normandie, France
Site FR33019
🇫🇷
Montpellier Cedex 5, Herault, France
Site FR33009
🇫🇷
Angers, France
Site FR33004
🇫🇷
Lille cedex, France
Site FR33020
🇫🇷
Bayonne, France
Site DE49005
🇩🇪
Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany
Site IT39015
🇮🇹
Bologna, Italy
Site DE49015
🇩🇪
Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
Site DE49012
🇩🇪
Braunschweig, Niedersachsen, Germany
Site DE49009
🇩🇪
Halle (Saale), Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
Site IT39009
🇮🇹
Ancona, Italy
Site DE49003
🇩🇪
Berlin, Germany
Site IT39014
🇮🇹
Novara, Italy
Site IT39007
🇮🇹
Monza, Italy
Site IT39006
🇮🇹
Palermo, Italy
Site JP81001
🇯🇵
Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
Site JP81023
🇯🇵
Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
Site JP81015
🇯🇵
Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
Site JP81032
🇯🇵
Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Site JP81012
🇯🇵
Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
Site JP81029
🇯🇵
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Site JP81024
🇯🇵
Gifu, Japan
Site JP81016
🇯🇵
Kyoto, Japan
Site JP81004
🇯🇵
Nagasaki, Japan
Site JP81036
🇯🇵
Osaka, Japan
Site KR82002
🇰🇷
Seoul, Seoul Teugbyeolsi, Korea, Republic of
Site KR82001
🇰🇷
Ulsan, Ulsan Gwang'yeogsi, Korea, Republic of
Site KR82012
🇰🇷
Seoul, Korea, Republic of
Site PL48003
🇵🇱
Lublin, Lubelskie, Poland
Site PL48001
🇵🇱
Olsztyn, Warmińsko-mazurskie, Poland
Site ES34004
🇪🇸
Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34008
🇪🇸
Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34009
🇪🇸
Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34002
🇪🇸
Caceres, Spain
Site ES34010
🇪🇸
Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34013
🇪🇸
Madrid, Spain
Site TW88604
🇨🇳
Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Site ES34005
🇪🇸
Valencia, Spain
Site TW88602
🇨🇳
Tainan, Taiwan
Site TW88601
🇨🇳
Taipei, Taiwan
Site GB44007
🇬🇧
Sheffield, United Kingdom