Calcium and Lipid Metabolism
- Conditions
- Obesity
- Registration Number
- NCT00686192
- Lead Sponsor
- USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center
- Brief Summary
We hope to determine if supplementing the diet of women who habitually consume low levels of calcium, with 1500 mg of calcium a day for three months will increase fat oxidation and decrease fat storage. We will also measure concentrations of lipids, glucose, hormones and enzymes associated with fat and carbohydrate metabolism to determine alterations and mechanism of the metabolic changes.
- Detailed Description
The incidence of obesity has rapidly increased in recent years and reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Recent epidemiological data has shown an inverse relationship between calcium intake and body fat and emerging research suggests that inadequate dietary calcium consumption may increase obesity. Studies in mice have shown that an increase in dietary calcium consumption creates a shift in the utilization of energy stores from carbohydrates to fat and a shift in the partitioning of energy from storage (as fat) to expenditure (as heat).
We will give 1500 mg of calcium a day for three months to women who habitually consume low levels of dietary calcium. The following measurements will be made before and after calcium supplementation: body fat by DEXA, lipolysis by infusion of stable isotopes of 1,1,2,3,3-\[2H5\] glycerol , hepatic glucose production by infusion of stable isotopes of 6,6-\[2H2\] glucose, lipogenesis by measurement of fatty acid synthase activity (14C radiochemical assay) , mRNA expression ( Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) and protein content (ELISA), indirect calorimetry measurement of non-protein respiratory quotient (NPRQ), energy expenditure, fat and carbohydrate oxidation. Serum calcium, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, parathyroid hormone, leptin, free fatty acids, adiponectin, 1,25(OH)2D, 25(OH)D and urinary calcium excretion will also be measured.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Female
- Target Recruitment
- 15
- BMI between 25 and 30 kg/m2
- Taking oral contraceptives
- Having regular menses
- Pregnant
- History of metabolic bone, renal or thyroid disease,
- History of diabetes mellitus, or gestational diabetes mellitus
- Cigarette smoking
- Self-administration of calcium supplements
- Regular aerobic activity, i.e. jogging > 1 mile/day
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SINGLE_GROUP
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Lipolysis by infusion of stable isotopes of 1,1,2,3,3-[2H5] glycerol 0 and 3 months
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Hepatic glucose production by infusion of stable isotopes of 6,6-[2H2] glucose 0 and 3 months Lipogenesis by measurement of fatty acid synthase activity (14C radiochemical assay) , mRNA expression ( Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) and protein content (ELISA) 0 and 3 months Indirect calorimetry measurement of non-protein respiratory quotient (NPRQ), energy expenditure, fat and carbohydrate oxidation 0 and 3 months Serum calcium, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, parathyroid hormone, leptin, free fatty acids, adiponectin, 1,25(OH)2D, 25(OH)D 0 and 3 months urinary calcium and sodium excretion 0 and 3 months
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
San Francisco General Hospital
🇺🇸San Francisco, California, United States
San Francisco General Hospital🇺🇸San Francisco, California, United States